Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland > Volume 4

KINETHMONT
is alluvial along the Don, loamy or gravelly on the lower
knolls and hill slopes, but generally of fair fertility. A
heathy common, partly broken up in 1S40, is on the
NW border ; a patch or two of rocky moor occurs in other
parts ; and, with the exception of a small proportion of
planted ground, all the rest of the land is regularly or
occasionally in tillage. Antiquities are numerous tumuli
on the north-western common, remnants of an ancient
Caledonian stone circle in the churchyard, the ' Assem-
bly Cairn ' of Auchronie, and the ' Drum Stone ' on
Upper Auquhorsk farm, on which ' the much renounit
laird of Drum ' is said to have sat and made his testa-
ment on his way to the battle of Harlaw (1411). Man-
sions are Tertovvie, Kinellar Lodge,' Kinaldie, and Glas-
goego ; and 3 proprietors hold each an annual value of
£500 and upwards, 4 of between £100 and £500, and
5 of from £20 to £50. Kinellar is in the presbytery and
synod of Aberdeen ; the living is worth £201. The
parish church, 1§ mile SSW of Kinaldie station, was
built in 1801, and contains 250 sittings. The public
school, with accommodation for 106 children, had(18Sl)
an average attendance of 61, and a grant of £47, 12s. 6d.
Valuation (1860) £430S, (1882) £5090, 16s. 6d., plus
£267 for railway. Pop. (1801) 309, (1831) 449, (1861)
691, (1871) 601, (1881) 580.— Ord. Sur., shs. 77, 76,
1873-74.
Kinethmont. See Kennethmoxt.
Kinfauns (Gael, ceann-fan, ' head of the slope '), a
parish of SE Perthshire, containing Kinfauns and Glen-
carse stations on the Dundee and Perth section of the
Caledonian, 3j and 6 miles E by S of Perth. It is
bounded N by Scone, Kinnoull (detached), and Kil-
spindie, E by Errol, SE by St Madoes and Kinnoull
(detached), S by the Tay, dividing it from Rhynd and
Perth parishes, and W by the main body of Kinnoull.
Its utmost length, from E to W, is 4| miles ; its breadth,
from N to S, varies between 1 and 2 miles ; and its area
is 4449f acres, of which 61 are foreshore and 97J water.
The navigable Tat, curving 3J miles east-by-southward
along the southern border, here broadens to 3 furlongs,
and has neap tides of 6, spring tides of 9 to 10 J, feet.
It receives three streamlets from the interior, and is
fringed by a belt of level ground, which, narrow in the
W, widens eastward into the Carse of Gowrie. Beyond,
the surface rises northward to the Sidlaws, attaining
729 feet at *Kinnoitll Hill, 555 at tower-crowned Kin-
fauns Hill, 702 near the Scone border, 342 at *Pans
Hill, 596 at Glencarse Hill, and 715 near Pitlowrie,
where the asterisks indicate summits that fall just
beyond the western and south-eastern confines of the
parish. Old Eed sandstone predominates in the low
tracts, trap rock in the hills ; and the latter has been
largely quarried both for building and for road metal.
The soil of the flat grounds along the Tay is a strong
and very fertile clay ; on the lower hill-slopes is an
easy, deep, rich, black mould ; and in the level parts of
the eastern district, inland from the Carse, is black
mould, mixed in some places with clay, in others with
sand. Nearly one-half of the entire area is in tillage ;
about 215 acres are pasture ; and most of the rest of the
land is under wood. The lands of Kinfauns are said to
have been given early in the 14th century by Robert
the Bruce to the French 'Red Rover,' Thomas de
Longueville or G'hartres, whose two-handed broadsword,
5f feet long, is professed still to be shown in the modern
castle. Several of his descendants were provosts of
Perth ; and one of them, Sir Patrick Charteris, figures
as such in Scott's Fair Maid of Perth. From them
Kinfauns passed to the Carnegies, and from them again
to the Blairs, whose heiress, Margaret, married the
twelfth Baron Gray in 1 7 41. Their great-granddaughter,
the eighteenth Baroness Gray, dying without issue in
1873, the entailed estates of Gray and Kinfauns went to
Edmund Archibald Stuart, Esq. (b. 1840), who has
taken the name and arms of Gray, and who holds 2631
acres in Perthshire and 1639 in Forfarshire, valued at
£6124 and £2940 per annum. The present castle,
3 miles E by S of Perth and If WNW of Kinfauns
station, is a stately Gothic pile, erected in 1822 from
398
KINGCAUSIE
designs by Sir Robert Smirke on the site of its ancient
predecessor. Measuring 233 by 160 feet, it has a
central tower 86 feet high, and is entered by a noble
eastern portico. The interior contains a valuable
library, and is richly adorned with stained glass, statues,
paintings by the old masters, and family portraits by
Raeburn, Sir Francis Grant, etc. The grounds are finely
wooded, a Spanish chestnut in particular being 75 feet
in height and 17 in girth at 1 foot from the ground.
(See Fowlis-Wester, Gray House, and pp. 26-34 of
Fullarton's Perthshire Illustrated, 1844.) Other man-
sions, noticed separately, are Glencarse, Glendoick,
and Seggieden ; and, in all, 6 proprietors hold each
an annual value of more, 3 of less, than £500. Kin-
fauns is in the presbytery of Perth and synod of Perth
and Stirling- ; the living is worth £334. The parish
church is a new structure of 1870, containing 300
sittings and an organ (18S2). There is also a Free
church ; and Balthayock and Kinfauns public schools,
with respective accommodation for 75 and 60 children,
had (1881) an average attendance of 37 and 31, and
grants of £24, 6s. and £21, 14s. Valuation (1860)
£9077, lis. 4d., (1883) £9355, Is. 3d. Pop. (1801)
646, (1821) 802, (1861) 657, (1871) 578, (1881) 583.—
Ord. Sur., sh. 48, 1868.
Kingairloch, a hamlet in Lismore and Appin parish,
Argyllshire, at the head of Loch Corry (a western off-
shoot of Loch Linnhe), 16 miles SW of Ardgour, and
26 SW of Fort William. It has a post office, an inn,
a public school, and an Established mission church.
From J. A. Forbes, Esq., the estates of Kingairloch
and North Corry were purchased in 1S81 for £30,140
by John Bell Sherriff, Esq. of Carronvale (b. 1821),
who holds 11,205 acres in Argyllshire and 164 in Stir-
lingshire, valued at £1440 and £363 per annum. The
mansion, Kingairloch House, stands near the hamlet.
Kingarth, a parish of Bute island, Buteshire, whose
church stands 6f miles S of Rothesay, under which
there is a post office of Kingarth. Containing also the
villages of Kilchattan Bay, Ascog, and Kerrycroy, and
comprising the southern part of Bute island, it is
bounded NW by Rothesay parish, and on all other sides
by the Firth of Clyde. Its utmost length, from N to S,
is 7f miles ; its utmost breadth is 3J miles ; and its land
area is 8995 acres. Its outline is indented by several
small bays, especially on the W side ; and, contracting
southward to 9| furlongs at the low sandy isthmus of
the Vale of St Blane, it thence projects a peninsula 2J
miles long, and terminating in the promontory of Gar-
roch Head. The coast is mostly bold and rocky ; the
interior is variously hilly, undulating, and low — its
highest elevations from S to N being Torr Mor or
Blane's Hill (485 feet), Suidhe-Chatain (517), and the
Moimd (367). The scenery of the Vale of St Blane, and
in portions of the seaboard, is very beautiful. Principal
features are noticed in our articles on Bute, Ascog, Fad,
Kilchattan, Garroch Head, Dunagoil, Mount Stuart,
and Blane's (St). The soils of the arable lands is light
and sandy, but fertile. About four-elevenths of the
entire area are moor or pasture, some 950 acres are
under wood, and nearly all the rest of the parish is
in tillage. The Marquis of Bute is almost sole pro-
prietor, but one other holds an annual value of between
£100 and £500. Kingarth is in the presbytery of
Dunoon and synod of Argyll ; the living is worth £281.
The parish church was built in 1S26, and contains 600
sittings. There are also two Free churches, designated
Kingarth and South Kingarth ; and three public schools
— Brigidale, Kerrycroy, and Kingarth — with respective
accommodation for 50, 88, and 107 children, had (1881)
an average attendance of 35, 33, and 67, and grants of
£42, £42, 14s. 6d., and £60, 5s. Valuation (1860)
£6365, (18S3) £10,517. Pop. (1801) 875, (1831) 746,
(1861) 905, (1871) 901, (1881) 1260.— Ord. Sur., shs.
21, 29, 1870-73.
Kingask, an estate, with a mansion, in St Andrews
parish, Fife, 3 miles SE of the city.
Kingcausie, an estate, with a mansion, in Maryculter
parish, Kincardineshire, near the right bank of the