Gazetteer of Scotland

C L A
the Whittadder, in very confiderable
quantities, and has been ufed as a ma-
nure to great advantage. There are
fever?.! mineral fprings, ftrongly im-
pregnated with iron ; and ieveral an-
tiquities, fuch as caftles, tumuli, &c.
but of too little curiohty to deferve
particular notice. Population in 1791,
961.
CLACKMANNANSHIRE. This
final! county is- bounded on- the W.
N. and E- by Perthfhire, and on- the
S. and S. W. by the Frith of Forth
and Stirliugfhire ; its greateft length is
about 9 miles, and its extreme breadth
does not exceed 8 ; it is a plain and
fertile country towards the Forth,
producing abundance of corn, as weH
as pafture ; and the coaft poflefles fe-
veral valuable and fafe harbours for
fhips, and ci'eeks for the reception of
boats employed in the fifheries. From
the more the furface rifes into the
Ochil mountains, the higheft of which,
Bemleugh, lies in the parifh of Tilly-
coultry. The tides of theie mountains
afford excellent pafture for iheep, but
towards the fummits the bare rocks
are only to be feen. Confiderable im-
provements in agriculture have been
made in this county ; but rather more
attention in general is paid to pafture
than to tillage : however, the luxuri-
ance of the crops generally enable
them to export a confiderable quanti-
ty of corn.. Clackmannanihire con-
tains two confiderable villages, Alloa
and Clackmannan, the countytown,
and 4 pariihes. Till lately, the want
of turnpike roads have been a great
drawback on improvements ; but there
is little reafon to complain of that
circumftance at prefent. Clackman-
nanihire abounds with coal in every
part ; freeftone and granite are alfo
in great plenty. In the Ochils, at
various times, have been wrought va-
luable ores, of filver, lead, copper, co-
balt, ironftone, and antimony : many
beautiful fpecimens offeptaria ov geo-
tUs (iron ore) are alio found. Pebbles,
agates, and a few topaz.es, are fome-
times difcovered amongft the rub-
bifii, which is waihed from the hills.
The pr-incfpal feats deferving notice,
are Tullibody, the feat of the family
of Abercromby; Clackmannan, the feat
of Mr. Bruce of Kennet ; Shan.vpc.rk,
the feat of Lord Cathcart ; and Alloa,
the feat of the Erikines of Alloa. This
CLA
county joins with that of Kinrofs ftf
fending a member to parliament. Ths
valued rent is 26,482!. Scots, and the
real land rent is about 3.4,3001. fterlirrg.
In the enumeration returned to Si?
•John Sinclair, the population of the
county was 8749.
CLACKMANNAN is the head
town of the county ; it is beautifully
htaated on an emkreace, gently rifing
out of a plain' from E. to W. to the
height of 190 feet above the level of
the Forth. On each fide of the town,
the ground has a gradual defcent, but
towards the W. it is bold and rocky,,
where the old tower of Clackmannan,
is placed ; the fcenery beheld from
this towe? is uncommonly pichirefque
and beautiful* and has been viewed
with admiration by every traveller of
tafte. The town' of Clackmannan it-
felf, however, by no means correfponds
with the beauty of its fituation. The
psmeip'al ftreet is broad and fpaeious,
but many of the houfes are mean and
wretched ; in the middle of the ftreet
ftands the- tolbooth and eourt-houfe,
a heap of ruins, and a nuilance to the
public here ; the fheriff fometimes
holds his court, and here takes place
the election of a member of parlia-
ment. The harbour, or Clackmannan
po~ua, is formed by the river Devon,
where it falls into the Forth ; its mean
depth of water is 10 feet at the ufual
fhipping place, and 20 feet at the
mouth of the harbour; it was former-
ly crooked and inconvenient, but was
much improved is 1772, by Sir Law-
rence Lhmda-s. The village is fituated
on the eftate of Clackmannan, and.
pays feu-duty to the proprietor of that
eftate. It contains about 640 inhabi-
tants.
The parifh of Clackmannan is of
an irregular figure, extending in length
about 6, and in breadth nearly5 miles j
the whole is arable, none of the emi-
nences being fo fteep as to prevent the
culture of the land ; the greater part
is carfe ground, and highly productive^,
a final! proportion is clay and wet.
It is watered by the rivers Forth and:
Devon, the laft of which is noted for'
its falls and cafcades. There are near-
ly 800 acres covered with natural
woods and plantations, which are
highly ornamental and ufeful. Agri-
culture is much attended to, and is-
indebted for many improvements to