Gazetteer of Scotland

CHA
CHI
rriuMy of Rofs. It is fituated about
a mile from the burgh of Rofem
to which it was united by a chaster
granted by King James II. anno 1444,
under the common name of Fortrofs,
wow foftened into Fortrofe ; (vide
Rosemarkie.) It was called Cha-
nonr\\ from being the chanonryof Rofs,
and the refidence of the bifhop ; it is
bqw a prefbytery feat. Chanonry
contains about 450 inhabitants.
CHAPEL of GARIOCH ; a parifh
and prefbytery feat in the diftrict of
Garioch, in Aberdeenfhire. Its greateft
extent from N. to S. is about 8 miles ;
and from E. to W. about 7. The ap-
pearance is hilly, and the foil" various,
though in general capable of cultiva-
tion ; the W. end is fubject to inun-
dation from frequent mowers, owing
to the vicinity of feveral high hills. The
river Don which ' forms the fouthern
boundary, and the Urie, abound with
l trout. There is a conliderable extent
of wood land, and fome late planta-
tions are in a thriving itate. In feve-
ral parts are indications of limeitone,
but none has yet been difcovered.
Near the old caitle of Balquhain is
a druidical temple, and one of the
fineft echoes in Scotland. Befide the
church is a large upright ftcr.e, 10
feet high, 4 broad, and a foot thick ;
it is called the maiden Jione, and Mr.
Pennant has given a fine engraving of
the hieroglyphics cut upon it. Near
this village was fought the battle of
Harlaw, in 141 1, between Alexander
Earl of Man", and Donald Lord of the
Ifles. Buchanan relates, that the num-
ber of nobility which fell in this obfti-
nately contelted action, was greater
than had fallen in any foreign engage-
ment for many years before. Popu-
lation in 1792, 986.
CHARLESTOWN ; a village in
the parifh of Dunfermline, in the coun-
ty of Fife, pleafantly fituated on the
N. coaft of the Frith of Forth. It
was built by the Earl of Elgin for the
accommodation of the workmen, at .1
the extenfive lime-works on his eftate ; I
it has a tolerable harbour, where, in |
the fummer months, from 30 to 50 ,
veiTels ufually lie, waiting their turns j
of loading lime-ihells ; adjoining to it j
is the populous village of Limehlh.s, \
Charleitown contains nearly 500 inha- ;
bitants.
CHARLESTOWN of ABOYNE 1
is A pleafant little town, in the parifh
of Aboyne, Aberdeenfhire. It is a
burgh of barony, of which the Earl of
Abyone is fuperior ; it has 4 fairs in
the year.
Charlotte (Fort) ; a fmall for-
tification near the town of Lerwick,
in Shetland, faid to have been built
in the days of Oliver Cromwell. It
was repaired in 1781, under the direc-
tion of Captain Frazer, chief engineer
for Scotland ; it is now garrifoned by
a company of invalids ; it completely
commands the entry to Breffay Sound.
CKIRNSIDE ; a confiderable vil-
lage in that divifion of Berwickfhire,
called Merfi or March. The village is
fituated on Chirnfide-hill, one of the
eminences, which, disjoined from the
Lammermuir ridge, project into the
low country. It is diftinguifhed for
its regular and femicircular afpect on
the S. and for its gradual declination
to the Whittadder water, and com-
mands aviewof one of the richer! coun-
ties in Scotland, with a prefpect of that
various and rural beauty which never
fails to expand and delight the mind
of the fpectator. The village confifts
of 2 ftreets, running over the fummit
of the hill nearly half a mile in length ;
but the houfes are generally mean, and
built of clay. As a burgh of barony,
it has the privilege of holding an an-
nual fair, chiefly for the fale of fack-
cloth and linen yarn, It is .the feat
of a prefbytery, and contains upwards
of 600 inhabitants. The parifh of
Chirafide is of an oblong figure, the
length of which is about 4, and the
breadth 3 miles. The furface is fiat,
with the exception of Chirnfide-hill ;
and the foil a rich loam, abundantly
fertile. As in the other parts of Merfe,
the farmers here are a moft refpectabfe
and well informed body of men. Many
of the proprietors farm their own ef-
tates, and have been always ready to
adopt thole plans of agriculture which
were likely to turn to advantage. On
the fides of the hill • a conliderable
number of fheep are annually reared.
There is a conliderable quantity of
marl found in a fmall lake, and the
hill is almoft entirely compofed of
freeftone, with itrata of ihell marl, lb
hard as almoft to defcrve the name of
limeitone. A fpecies of gypfum, nearly
equal in quality to the tineft brought
from France- is found on the banks of