Encyclopaedia Britannica > Volume 8, DIA-England

ENGLAND.
791
atistks. The following account for 1825-26 shows the sources whence the poor-rates are derived, and the amount furnish- Statistics,
ed by each.
Account of Monies levied by Assessment for Poors Rate and County Rate in each County of England and Wales, in
the year ending 2bth March 1826 ; distinguishing the amount, and showing the proportion of amount levied in each
County on Land, on Dwelling-Houses, on Mills and Factories, and on Manerial Profits and Incidentals*
ivment
wages
if of
Counties.
Bedford
Berks
Bucks
Cambridge
Chester
Cornwall
Cumberland
Derby
Devon
Dorset
Durham
Essex
Gloucester
Hereford
Hertford
Huntingdon
Kent
Lancaster.
Leicester
Lincoln
Middlesex
Monmouth
Norfolk
Northampton
Northumberland...
Nottingham
Oxford
Rutland
Salop
Somerset
Southampton
Stafford
Suffolk
Surrey
Sussex
Warwick
Westmoreland
Wilts
Worcester
York, East Riding
York,NorthRiding
York, West Riding
England,
Wales....
Total of England 1
and Wales.... I
Land.
L.
77,920
89,596
123,470
85,612
88,606
85,979
40,765
71,376
180,873
74,811
63,297
243,112
100,117
58,623
74,927
38,912
253,375
168,422
93,882
174,766
57,221
25,662
240,526
131,644
50,834
52,625
109,306
10,960
72,763
141,247
165,602
85,670
221,332
80,357
214,304
94,842
24,186
157,231
62,888
71,530
83,523
180,597
4,523,288
272,194
4,795,482
Parts of
1000.
917
787
858
846
762
787
741
814
766
799
666
827
644
895
740
863
681
482
834
862
95
805
797
904
653
658
823
922
"802
’798
767
637
842
321
818
600
876
843
749
652
892
627
679
893
688
Dwelling Houses.
6,298
21,014
17,495
14,427
20,592
14,016
12,378
12,735
47,898
17,170
16,668
42,761
49,017
6,736
23,110
5,504
103,584
118,261
17,634
23.306
509,365
4,206
49,085
12,372
15,233
24,124
21,863
847
14,515
30.306
46,174
34,963
36,525
144,064
42,752
49,393
2,831
24,662
15.892
32,414
8,205
78,472
1,788,865
25,363
1,814,228
Parts of
1000.
74
185
121
143
177
128
225
145
202
183
175
145
315
103
228
122
279
338
156
115
844
132
163
85
196
301
165
71
160
171
214
261
139
576
163
313
102
132
189
295
88
272
269
83
261
Mills, Factories, &c. I Manerial Profits, &c.
L.
568
2,446
2,702
1,049
5,315
1,858
714
2,128
3,925
750
3,924
6,829
4,962
86
2,756
570
11,660
50,461
782
3,887
36,353
791
8,097
536
8,774
2,971
1,149
75
1,227
2,380
3,374
6,655
4,398
22,983
4.610
10,674
496
3,234
3,111
2,338
1,208
23,269
255,775
3,790
259,565
Parts of
1000.
7
21
19
10
46
17
13
24
17
8
38
23
32
1
27
13
31
144
7
19
60
25
27
4
113
37
9
6
13
14
16
49
17
92
17
68
18
18
37
21
13
81
38
13
37
L.
183
839
248
143
1,752
7,408
1.129
1.455
3,396
914
11,442
1,369
1.456
35
512
97
3,327
12,525
310
887
787
1,214
3,924
1,022
2,981
291
469
7
2,247
3,042
666
7.129
712
2,645
466
3,082
103
1,321
2,092
3,478
669
5,782
93,559
3,323
96,882
Parts of
1000.
2
7
2
1
15
68
21
17
14
10
120
5
9
1
5
2
9
36
3
4
1
38
13
7
38
4
3
1
25
17
3
53
2
11
2
19
4
7
25
32
7
20
14
10
14
Total Levied.
L.
84,969
113,895
143,915
101,231
116,265
109,261
54,986
87,694
236,092
93,645
95,031
294,071
155,552
65,480
101,305
45,083
371,946
349,669
112,608
202,846
603,726
31,873
301,632
145,574
77,822
80,011
132,787
11,889
90,752
176,975
215,816
134,417
262,967
250,049
262,132
157,991
27,616
186,448
83,983
109,760
93,605
288,120
6,661,487
304,670
6,966,157
It is obvious, from the preceding tables, that, allowing
for the increase of population, the increase of the rates
or-rates. ^as not been nearly so great as is commonly supposed.
In point of fact, too, more than half the rates really form
part of the wages of labour. The pernicious practice
of ekeing out wages by means of contributions from the
rates began in 1795 ; and as it forms at this moment one
of the principal evils in the state of the English poor, we
may be excused, perhaps, for subjoining the following
statements illustrative of its tendency.
“ The price of corn, which had, upon an average of the
three preceding years, averaged 54s., rose in 1795 to 74s.
As wages continued stationary at their former elevation,
the distress of the poor was very great; and many able-
bodied labourers, who had rarely before applied for parish
assistance, became claimlmts for relief. But instead of
meeting this emergency as it ought to have been met, by
temporary expedients, and by grants of relief proportion¬
ed to the exigency of every given case, one uniform sys¬
tem was adopted. The magistrates of Berks, and some