Encyclopaedia Britannica > Volume 8, DIA-England

790
ENGLAND.
Statistics. Amongst the principal Hospitals are,
Bethlem Hospital.
St Luke’s, Old Street.
St Bartholomew’s, West Smithfield.
Guy’s, in Southwark.
The Lock Hospital, Hyde-Park-Corner.
The London Hospital, Whitechapel Road.
The Magdalen Hospital, St George’s Road.
The Middlesex Hospital, Berner’s Street.
The Foundling Llospital.
Amongst the Dispensaries and medical charities are,
The General Dispensary, Aldersgate Street.
City Dispensary in the Poultry.
Finsbury Dispensary.
Various Vaccine Dispensaries.
The Fever Hospital, instituted in 1801.
A College, in the sense of a charity, is an alms-house
on an enlarged scale, under the direction of a master and
other incorporate officers. There are only three in the
neighbourhood of London, namely, Bromley, Morden, and
Dulwich Colleges.
Alms Houses.—These are very numerous, viz. the Ha¬
berdashers’, Mercers’, Skinners’, East India Company’s,
&c.
School Charities.—These institutions are also very nu¬
merous. Amongst the most remarkable are,
Christ’s Hospital, or the Blue Coat School.
Marine Society.
School for the Indigent Blind.
Deaf and Dumb Asylum. Statistic
Debtors’ Children.
Ladies’ Charity School.
Masonic Charity.
Raines’ Charities.
Miscellaneous Charities.—Under this head are compre¬
hended several extensive and well-known associations.
The African Institution.
The British and Foreign Bible Society.
Society for Bettering the Condition of the Poor.
Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
The Missionary Society.
The Literary Fund.
A compulsory provision for the support of the poor lias Poor-rate
existed in England for a lengthened period. Its intro¬
duction dates from the reign of Henry VIII., and it was
perfected in that of Elizabeth; the famous statute of the
43d Eliz. cap. 2, having embodied all the principles, with
many of the regulations, still to be found in the system.
The law has, however, been repeatedly modified, and
very great alterations have taken place in its administra¬
tion. These changes will be fully detailed in our article
on the Poor-Laws ; and in it also the reader will find
an examination of the important and difficult question as
to the policy of a compulsory provision for the support of
the unemployed poor. Here we have only to state what
has been the amount of the rates levied on account of the
poor, from what sources they have been derived, and how
they have been distributed.
Account of Monies levied for Poors Rates and County Rates in England and Wales; of the* Payments thereout for
other purposes than the Relief of the Poor, at all the several periods for which Returns have been required by Parlia¬
ment ; also the Average Price of Wheat at every such period, and the Amount of Population.
Years.
(Average.)
1748-49-50
1775-6
(Average.)
1783-4-5
(Average.)
1801-2-3
1812- 13
1813- 14
1814- 15
1815- 16
1816- 17
1817- 18
1818- 19
1819- 20
1820- 21
1821-22
1822- 23
1823- 24
1824- 25
1825- 26
1826- 27
1827- 28
1828- 29
1829- 30
1830- 31
1831- 32
Total Sum
levied for
Poor’s Rates
and County
Rates.
Payments
thereout for
other pur¬
poses than the
Relief of the
Poor.
L.
730,135
1,720,316
2,167,749
5,348,205
8,646,841
8,388,974
7,457,676
6,937,425
8,128,418
9.320.440
8,932,185
8,719,655
8,411,893
7.761.441
6,898,153
6,836,505
6,972,323
6,965,051
7,784,351
7,715,055
7,642,171
8,279,218
8,622,920
Expended
in Law
Removals
and similar
Incidents.
L.
40,164
137,072
163,511
1,034,105
1,860,347
1,880,817
1,762,406
1,214,071
1,210,720
1,432,332
1,408,905
1,342.658
1,375,868
1,336,533
1,148,230
1,137,598
1,212,199
1,246,145
1,362,377
1,372,433
1,280,328
1,540,198
1,646,493
35,072
91,998
190,072
324,957
332,663
324,596
Expended for
the Relief of
the Poor.
Average Price of Wheat
per Quarter.
Total
Expenditure.
L.
689,971
1,530,800
2,004,239
4,077,891
6,656,106
6,294,581
5,418,846
5,724,839
6,910,925
7,870,801
7.516.704
7,330,254
6,959,251
6.358.704
5,772,962
5,736,900
5,786,989
5,928,505
6,441,089
6,298,003
6,332,411
6,829,042
6,798,888
7,036,969
L.
730,135
1,703,528
2,259,748
5,302,068
8,841,410
8,508,061
7,505,848
6,938,910
8,121,645
9,303,133
8,925,609
8,672,912
8,335,119
7,695,237
6,921,192
6,874,498
6,999,188
7,174,650
7,803,466
7,670,436
7,612,739
8,339,087
8,683,461
By the
Winchester
Bushel of
Eight Galls.
s. d.
27 11
45 0
46 6£
64 8
125 5
108 9
73 11
64 4
75 10
94 9
84 1
73 0
7
5
3
9
62 0
66 6
65
54
43
51
By the
Imperial
Bushel of
Eight
Gallons.
s. d.
58
56
60
66 3
64 3
66 4
Population.
6,467,000
7,690,000
8,260,000
9,000,000
10,284,000
11,978,000
13,894,000