Economic and financial section > Problem of nutrition

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Tabi<e III. — Consumption of meat.
(lb. per head).
1925 1926 1927 («) 1928
Beef .
Veal .
Pork .
Mutton
Horse .
Total
[a) Estimated.
Milk.
— — 10.3
— * — 3-5
— — 22.6
— — 0.8
— — 0.2
— — 37-4
13-
12.3
31
25-4
0.7
O.I
41.6
1929
13-4
3-i
23-4
0.7
0.1
40.7
ROUMANIA.
1930 1931 (a) 1932 (a) 1933
12.3
3-3
22.5
0.7
0.1
38-9
12.8
3-5
25.8
0-5
0.1
42.7
14-3
3-5
23.1
o-5
0.1
42.2
13-3
3-5
23.1
o-5
0.1
40-5
1934
10.6
3-5
26.3
0.6
41.0
The numbers of cows in milk are published annually. Milk yields are low and have been
estimated (1) at about 700 litres per cow and 65 litres per ewe. The total output in 1930 was
estimated at 1,040 million and 580 million litres of cow and ewe milk respectively. If these
averages be applied each year, together with averages of 130 litres for she goats for buffalo
(not of great importance) the output of milk would be as follows:
Tabee I. — Milk output.
(million gallons)
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
Cow
Goat
Ewe
Total .
250
10
142
402
242
10
150
402
236
9
147
392
231
8
146
385
236
8
148
392
225
8
145
378
224
10
146
380
231 —
10 —
147 —
388 —
This quantity of milk (external trade in milk and its products is unimportant) is sufficient
to provide only 23 gallons of milk per head of the population in the first quinquennium and
21 gallons per head in 1930-32; and this low figure includes milk consumed as liquid milk, butter
and cheese. The figures are so low that they must be accepted with the greatest reserve.
Meat.
The slaughterings and output of meat for public consumption are published annually but
the figures appear to be far from complete, except perhaps for cattle. The total production of
meat from public slaughter-houses is only sufficient to furnish about 22 lb. of meat per head of
the population, but rough calculations suggest that this is very much below the actual figure,
although the data are not sufficient to enable estimates to be made. It was estimated (2) in 1933
that beef and veal production amounted to roughly 88,000 tons and mutton and lamb to 66,000
tons, and these figures support independent calculations that have been made. After allow¬
ing for exports (which had dwindled to insignificance by 1933) an output of meat of this
magnitude would provide about 10 % lb of beef and 8 lb. of mutton and lamb per head. With
(1) M. Filotti: Productiunea si industria lapteliu in Romdnia: Viata Agricold, May 1932.
(2) Dr. Justin Braghina: Bogatia animald a Romania-. Economia nationald, February 1935.