Lives of the last four princesses of the royal house of Stuart

72 MARY, PRINCESS-ROYAL. [1654,
The Duke of Newburgh, whose court was at Dusseldorf, a
small day's journey from Cologne (in these days two hours
only), now sent his proportion, with many kind expressions
of regard and sympathy; intimating also that he would
be glad to enjoy the honour of entertaining the King and
his sister in his palace, as she returned. However, he-
forebore to make a solemn invitation, without which they
could not make the visit till some important ceremonies
were first settled, that nation being more formal and
punctual on such matters than any other in Europe.
The gentleman who brought the duke's compliments and
congratulation, on the arrival of the Princess-royal and her
brother, was instructed privately to ascertain whether the
King would at once address the Duke by the title of his-
highness, and whether the Princess would allow the Duke
to salute her, for unless these points were conceded there
could be no meeting between the Duke and them ; and the
King was informed that the Emperor always addressed
the Duke as his highness.*
Both the King and his sister were naturally inclined to*
new sights and festivities, and the King thought it in-
cumbent on him to receive the respect of any of the
German princes, and among them there were few of more
importance than the Duke of Newburgh, who reckoned
himself on the same level as an Elector, and was treated
with the like consideration by the Emperor, who always
gave him the title of highness. Then his majesty mada
no scruple of doing the same.
The matter of saluting the Princess was of a new and
delicate nature, for her dignity from the time of her
arrival in Holland was considered such, that the Prince of
Orange, her husband's father, would never pretend to it-
Yet that ceremony depending on the customs of countries,
* Clarendon's 'History of the Rebellion.'