Imperial gazeteer of Scotland, or, Dictionary of Scottish topography > Volume 1

EDINBURGH.
572
EDINBURGH.
it from Portsburgh church ; Lothian Road U. P.
church, with 1,284 sittings; Newington or Duncan-
street U. P. church, with 700 sittings; Nicolson-
street U. P. church, with 1,170 sittings; North Rich-
mond-street U. P. church ; Portsburgh U. P. church,
with 832 sittings ; Potterrow U. P. church, with
885 sittings; Queen-street U. P. church, the synod-
hall ; Rose-street U. P. church, 1,363 sittings; Hen-
derson and Mary-chapel U. P. mission churches, in
in High-street; the Reformed Presbyterian church,
on George IV's Bridge ; the Original Secession
churches, in South-bridge, and Laurieston-street ;
the Augustine Independent church, on George IV's
Bridge; the Albany-street Independent chapel, with
878 sittings; the Richmond place Independent chap-
el; the Evangelical Union places of worship in Brigh-
ton-street and George-street, the former originally
Presbyterian; the Dublin-street Baptist chapel, built
by a congregation who removed to it from one with
480 sittings in Elder-street, the Leith-walk Baptist
chapel, with 1,000 sittings; the Rose-street Baptist
chapel, with 750 sittings ; the Baptist places of
worship in Bristo-place, Richmond-court, and Ar-
gyle-square; St. Paul's Episcopal church, in York-
place, with 1,036 sittings; St. John's Episcopal
church, in Princes-street, with 821 sittings; St.
George's Episcopal church, in York-place, with 642
sittings; Trinity. St. James', St. Andrew's, St. Pe-
ter's. St. Paul's, St. Jolm's-Scbool. St. Thomas', and
St. Vincent's Episcopal churches, respectively in
Dean, Brrmghton-street, South back of Canongate,
Lutton-place, Carrubher's-close, Earl Grey-street,
Rutland-street, and St. Vincent-street; the Wesley-
an Methodist chapel, with 1,278 sittings, in Nicol-
son-square ; the United Methodist Free church, in
Drummond-street; the Friends' Meeting-house, in
Pleasance; the Catholic Apostolic church, in Brough-
ton-street; the Roman Catholic churches of St. Mary,
St. Patrick, and the Sacred Heart, in Broughton-
street, Cowgate, and Laurieston-street ; and the
Jews' synagogue, in Richmond-court.
Life 'Statistics — Longevity in Edinburgh as com-
pared to longevity in other places has been com-
puted as follows, — the proportion per 1,000 of
persons who die above 60 years of age is 229 in
England and Wales, 206 in London, 204 in Edin-
burgh, 198 in Bristol, 159 in Birmingham, 130 in
Manchester, 129 in Glasgow, and 112 in Liverpool.
The mean age of persons at death in Edinburgh has
been computed at 47'22 in the class of gentry and
professional men, 36'53 in the class of merchants,
and 25'88 in the class of artisans. But comparative
longevity in the New town and iu the Old town,
and again between the aggregate of the Old town
and the most crowded parts of it, is very striking.
" With a nearly equal population in the two grand
departments of the city," says Mr. Thorburn, in his
Statistical Analysis of the 1851 census of Edinburgh,
" we find 677 persons in the New town above 70
years of age, while in the Old town that class
amounts to only 384. The district in the Old town
the least favourable to longevity is High church
parish, lying between Bank-street and North-bridge-
street, and that too among an almost purely Scottish
population. While the ratio of persons above 70 in
the ancient and extended royalty is l - 65 per cent,
to the whole population, and that of the New town
to its population is 2-04 per cent., the Old town
shows to its population a ratio of only 124 percent.,
and the High church parish falls so low as 0'79 per
cent. There is thus in that parish only one person
above 70 years of age in 120 of the population. In
the entire royalty, the males above 70 amount to
388, being 1-44 per cent, of the male population ;
while the females amount to the greatly larger
number and ratio of 681 or nearly two per cent, of
the population of that sex. And as to the mortality
of the young, the total population in the first year
is 962, while by the fifth year it has fallen to 583,
the decrease between the two ages being equal to
about 40 per cent. In the New town again, we
find the following figures, — first year, 622; fifth
year 503, or about 18 per cent, of decrease, showing
a difference in favour of the New town of about 22
per cent. The difference is still more startling if
we take the parish of St. Mary's, in which the
numbers stand thus, — first year, 127; fifth year,
115, showing the small decrease of only about 9 per
cent."
Population Statistics. — We shall state first the
population of the urban section of the county, com-
prising Edinburgh, Leith, and their suburbs; next,
the population of the parliamentary burgh of Edin-
burgh ; next the population of the royal burgh of
Edinburgh, ancient and extended; and next, the
population of the parishes and parts of parishes
contained within the parliamentary burgh. And
we may premise that the parishes of the ancient
royalty are High church, Old church, New North,
Tron, Tolbooth, Trinity College, Lady Yester's, Old
Greyfriars, New Greyfriars, and St. John's; that the
parishes of the extended royalty are St. George's, St.
Andrew's, St. Stephen's, St. Mary's, and Greenside;
that the parishesof St. John's and Greenside were con-
stituted subsequently to 1831, the former out of the
New North and two Greyfriars, and the latter out of
St. Andrew's; and that Edinburgh castle is ultra-
parochial. It may be well also to indicate the in-
dividual situation of each of the parishes of the
royalty. New Greyfriars lies south of the Grass-
market, and west of Candlemaker-row ; Old Grey-
friars, south of the Cowgate, east of Candlemaker-
row, and west of College- wynd and West College-
street; Lady Yester's, south of the Cowgate, and
east of College- wynd and West College-street;
the Old church, north of the Cowgate, • south
of the High-street, and east of South Gray's or
Mint close; the Tron, north of the Cowgate, south
of the High-street, west of South Gray's or Mint
close, and east of Blair-street ; the New North,
north of the Cowgate, south of the High-street,
west of Blair-street, and east of George IV.'s
bridge ; St. John's, north of the Cowgate and the
Grassmarket, south of the Lawnmarket and the
New Western approach, and west of George IV.'s
bridge; the Tolbooth, north of the Lawnmarket and
the New Western approach, and west of Bank-street ;
the High church, north of the High-street, east of
Bank-street, and west of North-bridge-street; and
Trinity College, north of the High-street, and east
of North-bridge-street. St. George's lies south of
Queen-street, and west of Hanover-street ; St. Ste-
phen's, north of Queen-street, and west of Dundas-
street, Pitt-street, and Brandon-street ; St. Mary's,
north of Queen-street, York-place, Picardy-place,
and Leith-walk, and east of Dundas-street, Pitt-
street, and Brandon-street ; Greenside, south-east of
Leith-walk and of the continuation of that thorough-
fare up toward Leith-street, and east of the entry to
Nottingham-place and of the Calton-hill stairs; and
St. Andrew's, south of Queen-street, York-place,
and Picardy-place, west of the head of Leith-walk
and of the entry to Nottingham-place, and east of
Hanover-street.
Population of Edinburgh, Leith, and their sub-
urbs in 1801, 82,560; in 1811, 102,987; in 1821,
138,235; in 1831, 161,909; in 1841, 166,450; in
1851, 193,929; in 1861, 201,749. Inhabited houses
in 1851, 10,217; in 1861, 12,335. Population of
the parliamentary burgh of Edinburgh in 1841,