Topographical, statistical, and historical gazetteer of Scotland > Volume 1

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CHA
lively exported from this place in a fresh, dried,
mid pickled state. There are two boys' schools
here, a female school, and an infant school. Popu-
lation, in 1811, 805; in 1836, 1,800, of whom 300
were fishermen.
CERES, a parish in the county of Fife, extending
in length about 7A miles, and in breadth from 1 to 4
miles ; bounded by St. Andrews, Kemback, and
Oupar on the north ; by St. Andrews, Kemback, and
Cameron on the east; by Cameron, Kilconquhar,
and Largo on the south; and by Cults, Kettle, and
Scoonie, on the west. This parish forms a beautiful
valley, lying to the south of Tar vet hill. Its super-
ficial area amounts to about 8,000 acres, of which
four-tenths are in tillage, five-tenths in pasture, and
one-tenth is planted as muirland. The average rent
is £1 10s. per acre. Valued rental £8,248 Is. Id.
Scots. Assessed property, in 1815, £12,753. There
are about 500 looms within this parish employed in
the manufacture of linen ; and there are 3 spinning-
mills for the manufacture of linen yarn, which, Mr.
Leighton states, produce 119,600 spyndles yearly.
Limestone is abundant, and extensively wrought ;
coal and freestone are also found here. The parish
contains 4 other villages besides that of Ceres. The
sacond village in point of extent is Craigrothie ; the
others are Chance-Inn, Pitscottie, and Coaltown.
The Eden and Ceres, with two or three smaller
rivulets, water this parish. The Ceres is formed by
the union of five streams near the village of Ceres.
It flows through the beautiful den of Dura, and joins
the Eden near Kemback.— The ruins of Craighall
house, built by the celebrated Scottish jurisconsult
Sir Thomas Hope, are situated about a mile to the
south-east of the village of Ceres; and to the south-
west are the ruins of Struthers' house, now the pro-
perty of the Earl of Glasgow. Upon the estate of
Scotstarvet, is a beautiful tower of jointed freestone,
24 feet square, and about 50 feet high. The walls
are very thick, and the windows small; the whole
is surmounted by a battlement. Magus muir, the
scene of Archbishop Sharp's murder, is partly in this
parish, partly in that of St. Andrews. Lindsay of
Pitscottie, author of a well-known history of Scot-
laud, was a native of this parish: see Pitscottie.
Population, in 1801, 2,352; in 1831, 2,740. Houses
423 This parish is in the presbytery of Cupar, and
synod of Fife. Stipend £229 13s. 4d. Unappro-
priated teinds £5 9s. 4d. Church built in 1806 ;
sittings 1,100. Patron, the Earl of Glasgow. School-
master's salary £34 4s. 4jd. with about £40 fee9.
Prior to the Reformation, there was a chapel in this
parish dedicated to St. Ninian ; and the schoolmaster
of Ceres receives a presentation to be chaplain of the
chapel of St. Ninian, within the church of Ceres,
and to be reader of that parish : a small salary of £3
Scots was formerly payable to the chaplain, from
certain houses in Cupar, but these houses cannot
now be discovered, and the chaplainry has become
a title without a benefice. The parish school-house
is a handsome building. There are also schools at
Craigrothie and Baldinny The village of Ceres is
situated 2J miles south of Cupar-Fife. It contains
several streets, and some good houses. It carries
on a considerable trade in brown linen. It has 2
fail's annually, viz. on the 24th of June, and 20th of
October. Besides the parish-church, there are here
a Relief church built in 1798, and a Secession meet-
ing-house built in 1744. The old feus in this village
are held of the proprietors of Craighall. In the
churchyard is the tombstone of John, 5th Lord
Lindsay.
CESSFORD, a small village in the parish of
Eckford, Roxburghshire ; (i\ miles north-east of
Jedburgh. There is a school here. Near it, on the
south, is the ancient castle of Cessford, which givM
the title of Baron to the Duke of Roxburgh. The
first proprietor of this castle, mentioned in history,
was Andrew Ker of Attonburn, who obtained the
title of Baron Cessford, and got a charter of confir-
mation from Archibald, Earl Douglas, dated 1446.
In 1570 the laird of Cessford was made warden of
the Scottish middle marches. Cessford castle, being
only 4 or 5 miles from the English confines, was
necessarily rendered a place of security ; and accord-
ing to tradition, there was a subterraneous vault for
; concealing both persons and goods within its walls
to which access was only got by one aperture which
I was opened or shut by a large stone with an iron
; ring in it. " This stone and ring," says the writer
of the Old Statistical Account, " have been seen by
some persons still alive ; but the entrance to the
peel or dungeon is now choked up with rubbish."
In the recent Statistical Account it is stated that
J this vault is about 17 feet long, 10 broad, and 9
j deep. No date is discernible to fix the period of the
J erection of this castle ; but from those parts of the
! walls yet entire, it appears to have been a place of
: considerable strength, both from the thickness of the
walls, which are 12 feet at an average, — the vestiges
of the battlements on the top, — the embrasures on
the sides, — and the remains of a surrounding moat
which was probably furnished with water from a
spring above the present farm-house, about 2 fur-
longs distant. The roof is entirely gone. The area
within the walls is 39 feet in length, and 20 in
breadth. See Eckford.
CESSNOCK. See Galston.
CHANCE INN. See Invehkeilor; abo Ceres.
CHANNELKIRK,* a parish in Berwickshire,
nearly of a circular form, having a diameter of 5i
miles ; bounded by Fala and Humbie on the north";
Lauder on the east and south ; and Stow on the
west. It is a pastoral district, situated amongst the
Lammennoor hills, where they border with the
counties of East and Mid-Lothian. The principal
village is that of Oxton, with a population of 220.
On the banks of the streamlets, which united form
the Leader, are about 3,000 acres in tillage, having
a light thin soil on a bed of sandy gravel. The hills
are mostly bleak, and covered with heath. A great
many Pictish or Scottish military encampments are
to be seen in this neighbourhood. They are called
rings by the common people. General Roy has
preserved a plan of a Roman camp here. About a
quarter of a mile west of the kirk is a fine spring
called ' The Well of the Holy Water cleugh.' The
Girthgate, or road by which the monks travelled
from Melrose to Edinburgh, passes through the wes-
tern boundary of the parish ; and on this road, a few
miles due west of the church, are the ruins of an old
building commonly called Restlaw Ha', at which,
tradition says, the monks and pilgrims used to stop
for refreshment. Population, in 1801, 640; in 1831,
841. Houses 148. Assessed property, in 1815,
£5,827. Real rental £5,400 This parish, for-
merly a rectory, with the chapels of Glengelt and
Carfrae annexed, is in the presbytery of Lauder, and
synod of Merse and Teviotdale. Stipend £190 5s.
6d. ; glebe £15. Patron, Sir H. P. H. Campbell,
Baronet. Church built in 1817; sittings 300. —
Schoolmaster's salary £30. The school is attended
by about 100 children.
CHANONRY, a village in the county of Ross,
about a mile from the burgh of Rosemarkie, to which
it was united by a charter granted by James II.,
* The ancient name of this pariah wa* Childer-kirk, or Chil-
dren's kirk, the church having bqen dedicated to the Innoeente*
In old records it is written Jingle-kirk, and is usually prj*
nuunccd so at this day.