Gazetteer of Scotland

J_£ D 1
savings of the poor, was established in 1S16,
under the management of a committee,
-which has heen eminently successful, and
done much good to the lower classes, by in-
ducing habits of industry and economy, by
furnishing the means of securing and ac-
cumulating their small savings, upon a
^principle heretofore unknown. Jedburgh
• is governed by a provost, four Bailies, and
a dean of Guild, and a treasurer, assisted by
a select council of the principal citizens, and
along with Lauder, North Berwick, Had-
dington, and Dunbar, returns a Member to
■ parliament. Jedburgh is the seat of a pres-
bytery; and the courts of the southern cir-
cuit of the Lord3 of Justiciary, and the
Lords Commissioners of the Jury court, are
held here. Tie southern circuit, includes
the counties of Roxburgh, Berwick, Selkirk,
and Peebles, and are held in the months of
April and September. The Sheriii court
is held here once a fortnight, the Justice of
Peace eourt, for the Jedburgh district, is
held on the first T uesday of every month,
and the Magistrates hold a court every Sa-
turday. The general Quarter Sessions of
the Peace are also held here. The river
Jed takes its rise on the Carter Fell, and
runs along the south-east side of the town;
there are seven bridges upon this river,
■within a mile of the town of Jedburgh. The
town is abundantly supplied with excellent
water, coveyed to it by leaden pipes. The
neighbourhood of the town, is noted for its
fine Orchards. Theold Castle of Jedburgh,
situated on an eminence at the town head,
(now occupied by the.new Gaol), was a place
of great strength and consequence in an-
cient times, it was retaken from the Eng-
lish in 1409, by the Duke of Albany, who
demolished it ; the keys ofthis castle., were
lately found, in digging near to the spot on
which it stood. The abbey of Jedbur_rh,
founded by David I. for canon regulars, is
situated on the banks of the Jed, on the S.
side of the town, and has been a large and
magnificent fabric, in form of a cross. Part
of the west end is fitted up for the pa-
rish church, which has a fine circular win-
dow in the gable. Itruni from east to west,
and appears to have been originally three
stories high, in the first and second stories
there are nine arches in each. The west
end from the steeple, and the south front
are the most entire part of the ruins, the
steeple is also nearly entire, and about 1 20
feet high. To preserve, as far as possible,
this venerable fabric from total ruin, a sub-
scription was set on foot, to repair the ab-
bey in such a manner as not to interfere
with, or alter the oriainal Gothic, a strong
proof of the good taste of the projectors of
thispraise-worthy undertaking. For a num-
ber of years past, the lofty pile of quadran-
gular building, or tower, had been observ-
ed to discover ?yraptons of serious decay,
which if not checked, might one day prove
fatal to the whole structure. To provide
against this, the gaps have been filled up,
and huge iron bars, have been employed to
unite more firmly the opposite sides of
the quadrangle, and "to impart a greater
degree of strength to the whole fabric. The
ancient narrow stair, which reached from
the bottom to the top of the tower, but
which from its decay in some parts, render-
ed the ascent rather perilous, has been re-
paired, so that now, the visitor has it in tua
power to enjoy from a great elevation, a
most interesting view, as the country a-
lound abounds srith rich andromantic scen-
ery. The ancient chapel, where theservice
of the catholic church was wont to be per-
formed, and which was appropriated to the
interment of the more remote ancestors of
the Marquis of Lothian, has been covered
in. The effect of the whole repairs is such,
as fully realizes the expectations of the ori-
ginal projectors, and to compensate for the
labour and expense which has been bestow-
ed upon this venerable pile. There was
also a convent of Franciscans in this town,
founded by the citizens in 15 13. but besides
their houses, they had no revenues, being
mendicants. The market-day is Tuesday,
and there are four annual fairs, namely, the
n rst T uesday after Vf hitsunday, the second
Tuesday in August, O. S. on the 25th of
September, and the first Tuesday in No-
vember, O. S. There are also two public
hirin g markets, on the Tuesday immediate-
ly before the 26th day of May, and the 22d
day of November. Population of the town
and parish 4454.
IFFERT, a small island on the W, coast
ofLewis.
ILA, or ISLAY, one of the Hebrides, ly-
ing to the S. W. of Jura, and belonging to
the county of Argyle. It is 51 miles long,
from N. to S., and 21 broad from E. to W.
containing about 154,000 acres, of which
22,000 are arable. On the E. side the sur-
face is hilly, but the greater part of the is-
land is flat, and, where uncultivated, co-
vered with a tine green sward. The coast
is rugged and rocky, but indented by nu-
merous bays and harbours, and at Lochin-
dall is a harbour for ships of considerable
burden, with a quay at the village of Bow-
more. There are several lakes; and the