Gazetteer of Scotland

B E R
K R
BENV0IRL1CH, a mountain in Bal-
quhidder parish, in Perthshire, elevated
5300 feet in height.
BERNERA, one of the Western Isles, is
a beautiful and fertile island, about 5 miles
in circumference. It was formerly a drui-
dical sanctuary ; and has still a wood of
yew trees, with which the groves were plan-
ted when devoted to religious purposes.
In the centre of the island is afresh water-
lake, called Loch Bruist, diversified with
small islets. The soil, though sandy, is
rendered very productive by manuring it
with sea weed.
BERNERA (GREAT), an island on the
N. side of Lewis, in Loch Roag, about 12
miles long, and 4 broad.
BERNERA (LITTLE), another island
near Lewis, in Loch Roag, about 12 miles
long, and 1 broad.
BERNERA, a small fortress, or rather
barracks, in Inverness-shire, in the parish
of Glenelg. It is now occupied by a Ser-
jeant's guard for the suppression of smug-
gling. It lies 17S miles N. W. of Edin-
burgh.
BERVIE, or INVERBERVIE, a royal
burgh and parish in the county of Kincar-
dine. It is situated at the mouth of the
small river Bervie, which forms a harbour
for fishing boats. A fine bridge was lately
thrown over the water of Bervie. Bervie
was constituted a royal borough by a char-
ter from King David, in the year 1312. The
place on which he landed, when forced
in here by stress of weather, is still called
Craig David. James VI. renewed the char-
ter in 1595. It is governed by a provost, 3
bailies, a dean of guild, treasurer, and 9
councillors. It sends a member to parlia-
ment in conjunction with Aberdeen, Mon-
trose, Brechin, and Arbroath. It appears
to have been formerly a considerable fish-
ing station, but all the fishermen are now
removed to the village of Gourdon, a more
eligible situation, about 2 miles farther S.
The revenue of the burgh does not exceed
L.38 per annum. Its population is about
(107.— The PARISH of Bervie is two miles
in length, and 1 1-2 in breadth. Popula-
tion 927.
BERVIE, a parish and village in Angus,
united to that of Liff.
BERVIE BROW, or CRAIG DAVID, a
bold promontory on the N. side of Bervie
■water ; it is a conspicuous landmark for
Mariners, and is seen at sea at the distance
of 15 leagues.
BERVIE, a small river in Kincardine-
shire, which falls into the German ocean
near the burgh of Bervie.
BERWICKSHIRE is of an irregular
square form) bounded on the N. by East
Lothian ; on the S. by the river Tweed and
the English border ; and on the W. by the
counties of Roxburgh, Peebles, and Mid
Lothian. Its extent in length may be
stated at 51 miles, and breadth 19. It
contains 470 square miles. This county
is nominally divided into three districts,
Lauderdale, Lammermuir, and Merse or
March. The first is that opening or valley
in the Lammermuir hills, through which
the river Leader runs. Lammermuir com-
prehends that ridge of hills which separate
this county from East Lothian, extending
from the head of Leader water to the sea
below the town of Berwick. The Merse
includes that fertile and populous plain,
stretching from the hills along the banks
of the Tweed. Berwickshire contains one
royal burgh, viz. Lauder, and several other
large towns and villages, as Dunse, Cold-
stream, Coldingham, Ayton, and Eye-
mouth. It is divided into 22 parochial dis-
tricts. Thechief rivers are, the Tweed, the
Leader, the Eye, the Whittadder, and the
Blackadder. The two roads to London pass
through the county. In no part of Scot-
land has agriculture made more rapid pro-
gress than in Berwickshire, particularly in
the Merse ; nor does Scotland possess a more
intelligent and industrious tenantry. They
export above 80,000 bolls of victual from
the ports of Berwick and Eyemouth; and
the same quantity is yearly carried to the
weekly markets of Edinburgh, Dalkeith,
Haddington, and Dunbar. The celebrated
mineral well, called Dunse Spa, is situated
about a mile from the town of Dunse. The
rivers contain trout and salmon, of which
last, a great quantity is annually exported
from Berwick to London. The county con-
tains but few minerals. Coal has been
found in small quantities near Eyemouth,
copper in the neighbourhood of Lauder,
and ironstone in the parish of Mordington.
The principal residences in the county
are Hirsel, Maichmont- House, and several
other elegant seats. The valued rent of
Berwickshire is L. 178,365 Scots, and the
real land rent may be estimated at up-
wards of L. 200,000 Sterling. Population
30,779.
BERWICK, a royal burgh on the bor-
ders of England and Scotland, and a coun-
ty of itself, standing on the N. or Scots side
of the river Tweed. It was originally a