Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland

STONEHAVEN
'to the S, giving name to the place — Stane-hive or
Stone-haven or harbour — was removed. The whole
harbour area is about 5 acres. There are good lead-
ing lights. The harbour has become very import-
ant in connection with the herring-fishing industry,
over 100 boats fishing from the port every season.
In 1894, 104 first-class, 43 second-class, and 42 third-
class boats, employing 467 resident fishermen and
boys, were in Stonehaven fishery district, which in-
cludes Stonehaven itself and the villages of Shieldhill,
Catterline, Crawton, Gowie, and Skateraw; while the
number of boats fishing within it were 68, employing
433 fishermen and boys, and 259 other persons. The
value of the boats belonging to the district in the same
year was £10,188, of the nets £6265, and of the lines
£3488. The old town has the status of a burgh of barony,
though the claim is disputed. The Act of Parliament
of 1607, ratifying the change of the county town from
Kincardine, speaks of it as 'the burgh of Stanghive,'
but the original Act of 1600 merely calls it ' the Stane-
hive.' From 1624 the superior — the Earl Marischal —
granted the feuars the privilege of nominating two
persons to serve as bailies. After the forfeiture of the
Marischal family the feuars elected managers, but from
1797 till 1812, under Lord Keith, the old custom was
re-established. In consequence of quarrels it was dis-
continued from 1812 to 1823, but was then restored, and
now the council of the old town consists of 2 bailies,
a dean of guild, and three councillors. The present
superior of the old town is the Marquis of Lansdowne,
and of the new town, Alexander Baird of Urie. The
affairs of the new town are attended to by a pro-
vost, 2 bailies, and 9 councillors. The manufacture
of cotton and linen, at one time extensively carried
on, has long been extinct; and the only industries in
the neighbourhood now, apart from fishing and fish
curing, are a large distillery at Glen Urie, and a small
wool mill, both, however, outside the town. In the
town there are several net and rope works, a tannery,
and a brewery. There are a considerable number of
summer visitors every year. The summer residence of
Professor M 'Eendrick, of Glasgow University, on Main's
Hill, was erected in 1894-95. Stonehaven has a head
post office, with money order, savings bank, insurance,
and telegraph departments, branch offices of the Bank
of Scotland, North of Scotland, and Town and County
Banks, a branch of the National Security Savings Bank,
a temperance savings bank, and several hotels. There
are also a farmers' society, a news and reading room, a
literary society, a horticultural, ornithological, and in-
dustrial society, a choral union, an orchestral society,
ericket and football clubs, a Conservative club, a masonic
lodge (St John's, No. 65), a court of the Ancient Order
of Foresters, a company of rifle volunteers and a
battery of artillery volunteers, and the usual religious
and philanthropic associations. The ministers of Fetter-
esso and Dunnottar and of St James's Church are trustees
of Stephen's Mortification. Water and gas are supplied
by private joint-stock companies. The Independent
Stonehaven Journal (1845) is published every Thursday.
Among the natives of Stonehaven have been the Rev.
Alex. Jolly, D.D., bishop of Moray (1755-1838); Dr
Longmuir, lexicographer and miscellaneous writer; and
Robert Duthie, poet, son of a Stonehaven baker (1826-65).
There is a weekly market on Thursday, and cattle fairs
on the Thursday before Candlemas, on the third Thurs-
day of June, on the Thursday before Lammas, on the
second Thursday of October, and on the Thursday before
Christmas, all o.s.; and there are hiring fairs on the
day before 26 May, and the day before 22 Nov., or
if those days be Mondays, on the Saturdays before.
Sheriff and small debt courts for Kincardineshire are
held every Wednesday during session, and there are
justice of peace courts on the first Saturday of every
month. Pop. of entire town (1841) 3012, (1861) 3009,
(1871) 3396, (1881) 3957, (1891) 4500, of whom 2122
were males and 2378 females. Houses (1891) inhabited
851, uninhabited 76, and being built 15. Of the whole
population 1946 were in the old town and 2554 in the
STONEHOTJSE
new town, and of the inhabited houses 227 were in
the former and 624 in the latter. — Ord. Sur., sh. 67,
1871.
Stonehaven Bay is the shallow depression of the
coast near the head of which Stonehaven stands, and is
bounded by Garron Point on the N and Downie Point
on the S. It measures fully 1J mile between these
from NNW to SSE, and three-fourths of a mile at right
angles to this. The depth along this line is from 30 to
50 fathoms, and the anchorage is good, the bottom being
a stiff clay.
Stonehouse, a town and a parish in the Middle Ward
of Lanarkshire. The town, which lies 450 feet above
sea-level, near the right bank of Avon Water, by road
is 3j miles ENE of Strathaven and 7J SSE of Hamil-
ton, whilst its station, on a branch-line of the Cale-
donian, is 3J miles SSW of Ayr Road Junction and 18J
SE of Glasgow. Mostly a growth of the 19th century,
it is a fine, airy, thriving place. It comprises a main
street extending 7 furlongs south-westward along the
highroad from Edinburgh to Ayr, two streets built on
a specified plan, and some small lanes or subordinate
parts. Its houses, sixty years ago, were mostly of one
storey and generally thatched ; but now not a few are
substantial, well-built, slated, two-storeyed structures.
The town's rapid advances about the middle of the
century, both in character and population, arose from
the liberal encouragement given to feuars and builders
by the late Robert Lockhart, Esq. of Castlehill. A
large portion of the inhabitants are miners, weavers, and
tradesmen. Stonehouse has a post office, with money
order, savings bank, and telegraph departments, a
branch of the Union Bank, a heritable security savings
bank, a gas company, agricultural and horticultural
societies, Freemasons' and Shepherds' lodges, a public
hall, and fairs on the last Wednesday of May, the third
Wednesday of July, and the last Wednesday of Novem-
ber. Pop. of town (1841) 1794, (1861) 2585, (1871)
2623, (1881) 2615, (1891) 2868, of whom 1434 were
males. Houses (1891) inhabited 596, vacant 5, build-
ing 3.
The parish contains also Sandford village, at the SW
border, 3$ miles SW of the town and 1^ mile SE of
Strathaven. It is bounded NE and E by Dalserf, SE
by Lesmahagow, SW by Avondale, W by Avondale and
Glassford, and NW by Hamilton. Its utmost length,
from N to S, is 5§ miles; its utmost breadth is 2§
miles; and its area is 6311J acres, of which 70$ are
water. Avon Water winds 4J miles north-north-east-
ward along the Avondale and Glassford boundary, 2
north-north-eastward across the interior, and 2J north-
north-westward along the Dalserf boundary. It thus
has a total course here of 8J miles, though the point
where it first touches and that where it quits the parish
are only 5 miles distant as the crow flies. Kype Water
flows to it 3| miles west-north-westward along all the
south-western border, and Cander Water 2£ miles
north-north-westward along the southern half of the
Dalserf boundary. Sinking in the extreme N to close
on 200 feet above sea-level, the Vale of Avon Water is
very romantic, especially below the town of Stonehouse.
From it the surface rises gradually to 533 feet near
Crofthead, 642 at Udston, and 734 near Hazeldean.
The parish thus mainly consists of gentle ascents, higher
in the S than in the N, but nowhere hilly, and nearly
all subject to the plough. Its general appearance is
pleasing and rich. Wood was formerly scarce, but is
now abundant enough to afford both shelter and embel-
lishment. The rocks belong to the Carboniferous for-
mation, with protrusions of trap. Prime limestone has
been largely worked; and ironstone of excellent quality
occurs in thin beds and in round isolated masses above
the limestone. Coal is abundant, but has been chiefly
used in the lime- works; sandstone, suitable for build-
ing, is also plentiful ; and the trap is of a quality well
adapted for road-metal. A sulphurous spring, called
Kittymuir Well, situated on the banks of the Avon,
long enjoyed some medical repute for cutaneous diseases.
The only noticeable antiquities are vestiges of two old
1527