Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland

HAWKHEAD
sacra, and 4564 in St John's quoad sacra.- — Ord. Sur.,
sh. 17, 1864. See Mrs Oliver's Upper Teviotdah (1887).
Hawkhead, an estate, with a mansion, in Abbey
parish, Renfrewshire, on the left bank of the White
Cart, 2J miles SE of Paisley. It belonged in the
middle of the 15th century to the doughty Sir John
Ross, whose son and namesake appears in the parlia-
ment roll of 1489-90 as the first Baron Ross of Hawk-
head — a title that expired with the fourteenth Lord in
1754. The estate passed first to his eldest sister, Mrs
Ross Mackye, and next to a younger sister, Elizabeth,
widow of the third Earl of Glasgow. Her son, the
fourth Earl, succeeded her in 1791, and in 1815 was
created Baron Ross of Hawkhead in the peerage of the
United Kingdom. Hawkhead was sold by the sixth earl,
and is now owned partly by William Stevenson, Esq.,
and partly by the Govan Lunacy Board. The Board
built in 1892-95 a handsome asylum in the Italian style,
with a central tower, and capable of accommodating
between 500 and 600 patients. Hawkhead House,
originally a large ancient tower, underwent such enlarge-
ment in the time of Charles I. as to take the form of
a quadrangle. It was visited in 1681 by the Duke of
York, afterwards James VII. Repaired and improved
in 1782, it is now an irregular pile of antique appear-
ance, with gardens originally formed in the Dutch style,
and a finely-wooded park. — Ord. Sur., sh. 30, 1866.
Hawthornden, the romantic home of the poet Drum-
mond, in Lasswade parish, Edinburghshire, 1J mile NE
of Roslin, and 5 furlongs NW of Hawthornden Junction
on the Peebles branch of the North British, this being
11 J miles S by E of Edinburgh. Standing upon the
steep right bank of the North Esk's rocky pine-clad
glen, classic Hawthornden is 'a venerable and pictur-
esque looking edifice. The left side, as you face it, con-
sists of a hoary mass of ivy-clad masonry, perhaps 600
years old, while the inhabited part to the right is a
pleasant irregular house, with gables and a turret in the
style of the 17th century.' Over the doorway are carved
in marble the armorial bearings of Dr William Aber-
nethy Drummond (1720-1809), Bishop of Edinburgh;
and near them is a Latin inscription by the poet, telling
how in 1638 he restored the house for himself and his
successors; whilst a tablet, placed by the Bishop on the
gable, runs — 'To the memory of Sir Lawrence Aber-
nethy of Hawthornden, a brave and gallant soldier, who
in 1338 conquered Lord Douglas five times in one day,
yet was taken prisoner before sunset.' Within, the
most interesting objects are a great two-handed sword,
Robert Bruce's, it is said; a good portrait of the poet's
father, Sir John Drummond, who was gentleman-usher
to James VI. ; and a poor one of the poet himself. He,
William Drummond, the ' Scottish Petrarch, ' was born
here on 13 Dec. 1585; here in the winter of 161S-19 he
entertained Ben Jonson, who had walked from London
to Edinburgh; and here, broken-hearted by Charles I.'s
execution, he died on 4 Dec. 1649. The present owner
is Sir James Hamlyn Williams-Drummond, fourth Bart,
since 1828 (b. 1857; sue. 1868). The grounds are of
great beauty, and contain a large sycamore, called the
'Four Sisters' or 'Ben Jonson's Tree,' whilst a rocky
seat is named the ' Cypress Grove ' after Drummond's
first published production. Some curious artificial caves
are in cliffs below the mansion and farther up the North
Esk's ravine. Formed, it would seem, with prodigious
labour out of solid rock, they communicate one with
another by long passages, and have access to a draw-well
of great depth, bored from the court-yard of the man-
sion. Like the ' earth-houses ' of the North, they pro-
bably belong to prehistoric times. Three of them bear
the names of the King's gallery, the King's bedchamber,
and the King's dining-room; and they were occupied in
1338 as military retreats by the adventurous band of
Sir Alexander Ramsay of Dalhousie. These caves were
visited, on 14 Sept. 1842, by Queen Victoria. A fine
view is got of Hawthornden from a point of rock over-
hanging the river, and popularly called John Knox's
pulpit. See Prof. David Masson's Drummond of Haw-
thornden (Lond. 1873), and John Small's Castles and
HEBRIDES
Mansions of the Lothians (Edinb. 1883).— Ord. Sur., sh.
32, 1857.
Hayland or Hailan, Loch. See Dunnet.
Hayocks, an estate, with a mansion, in Stevenston
parish, Ayrshire, 1 mile NE of the town.
Haystoun, a farmhouse in Peebles parish, Peebles-
shire, amid fine old trees on a knoll overhanging the
right bank of Glensax Burn, 2 miles S by E of Peebles
town. Built in 1660, and forming three sides of a quad-
rangle, it is a good example of an old-fashioned country-
seat; and over its chief entrance has a tablet, sculptured
with the armorial bearings of the Hays, who acquired
the estate in the course of the 16th and 17th centuries.
Its present proprietor is Sir Duncan Edwyn Hay of
Smithfield and Haystoun, tenth Bart, since 1635 (b.
18S2; sue. 1895). The reach of Glensax Burn through
the grounds is often called Haystoun Burn. — Ord. Sur.,
sh. 24, 1864.
Haywood. See Hetwood.
Hazelbank, a village in Lesmahagow parish, Lanark-
shire, on the left bank of the Clyde, near Stonebyres
Fall, 3i miles WNW of Lanark. Pop. (1891) 301.
Hazelfield House, a mansion in Rerwick parish, Kirk-
cudbrightshire, 10J miles SSW of Dalbeattie.
Hazelhead, an estate and mansion in Newhills
parish, Aberdeenshire, 3 miles W by S of Aberdeen.
Heacamhall, Heacle, or Heela. See Uist, South.
Heads of Ayr, a rocky, precipitous headland in May-
bole parish, Ayrshire, flanking the S side of the Bay of
Ayr, 4 miles SW of Ayr town. Abutting from the
northern skirt of Bkown Carrick Hill, it has an alti-
tude of 258 feet above sea-level, and consists of black,
earthy, tufaceous trap, traversed at one part by a thick
basaltic vein. — Ord. Sur., sh. 14, 1863.
Hearthstane Burn. See Harestane.
Heatherlie, a quoad sacra parish of Selkirk and Rox-
burgh shires, disjoined in 1885 from the parish of Sel-
kirk, and containing a church with a memorial stained-
glass window, and a public school. Pop. (1891) 2252.
Hebrides or Western Islands, a large group or series
of groups of islands and islets extending along the
greater portion of the western coast of Scotland.
Anciently, the Hebrides comprehended also the islands
in the Firth of Clyde, the peninsula of Kintyre S of the
narrow neck of land between East and West Loch Tar-
bert, the island of Rathlin off the NE coast of Ireland,
and even the Isle of Man ; but the modern Hebrides
embrace only the islands flanking the W coast, from
Cape Wrath on the N to Kintyre on the S, and extend-
ing from 58° 32' of N latitude to 55° 33', or a distance,
measuring in a straight line from the Butt of Lewis on
the N to the Mull of Islay on the S, of 205 miles. The
islands are divided into two main groups, the Inner
Hebrides and the Outer Hebrides. The former extend
along the coast for 150 miles, measuring in a straight
line from the Point of Aird at the N end of Skye to the
Mull of Islay at the S end of the island of that name;
and the distance of the various islands from the main-
land varies from less than half a mile at the narrow
strait of Kyle Rhea, at the SE corner of Skye, to 18^
miles at the N end of Skye, 51J at Tyree, and 21
at the S end of Islay. The Inner Hebrides are divided
into two portions by the Point of Ardnamurchan. The
division to the N may be called the Skye group, and
consists of Skye with the adjacent islands of South
Rona, Fladda, Raasay, Scalpa, Longa, Pabbay, Soay,
Canna, Rum, Eigg, and Muck, and a number of smaller
islets. These are separated from the mainland by part
of the Minch, the Inner Sound, Kyle Akin, the mouth
of Loch Alsh, Kyle Rhea, Glenelg Bay, and the Sound
of Sleat; and all since 1891, when the Boundary Com-
missioners transferred Rum, Canna, Muck, and Sandy
from Argyllshire, belong to the county of Inverness,
except some small islets close inshore along the coast
to the N of Loch Alsh, which are in Ross-shire. Rum,
Eigg, Canna, Muck, and Sandy are known as the
Small Isles. The division S of Ardnamurchan falls
into two sub-divisions — the Mull group extending from
Ardnamurchan S to the Firth of Lome, and the Islay
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