Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland

CALLANGE
the Scottish Central, which passed to the Caledonian ;
and by the latter company it is maintained and worked
according to an Act of 1870. It was opened to Killin
(17 miles) in 1870, to Tyndrum (18 miles) in 1873, to
Dalmally (12 miles) in 1877, and to Oban (25 miles)
in 1880, the aggregate cost of construction amounting to
£670,022. It goes, by the Pass of Leny, along the
western shore of Loch Lubnaig, to the vicinity of Loch-
earnhead ; thence up Glen Ogle into the valley A the
Dochart, at a point 2J miles SW of Killin ; thence up
the valley of the Dochart to Crianlarich, 6 miles NNE
of the head of Loch Lomond ; thence up Strathfillan to
Tyndrum ; thence west-south-westward to Dalmally ;
thence by the northern shore of Loch Awe and the Pass
of Brander to Taynuilt ; and thence along the southern
shore of Loch Etive to Oban. The chief engineering
difficulties on it are a gradient of 1 in 60 in the steepest
part of the ascent from King's House, Balquhidder, to
the summit of Glen Ogle ; another stiff gradient, over
about 2 miles NW of Crianlarich to the top of the
glen at Tyndrum ; another in the descent toward Dal-
mally ; and still another in the descent along the face
of the cliff to the flat ground immediately behind Oban.
The new West Highland Railway crosses the Callander
and Oban line at Crianlarich, and the two lines thence
run for a short distance parallel. See Oban.
Callange, Coaltown of. North, and South, three neigh-
bouring collier hamlets in Ceres parish, E Fife, 3| miles
SEby E of Cupar.
Callater, Loch. See Calladek.
Callendar, an estate, with a mansion, in Falkirk
parish, Stirlingshire. The mansion, standing f mile
ESE of Falkirk town, amid finely wooded grounds, is
an ancient edifice with very thick walls and antique tur-
rets, and was formerly surrounded by a deep fosse, but
has been greatly modernised. Queen Mary visited it ;
Cromwell stormed and captured it ; General Monk made
it his home during the stay of his troops in Scotland ;
Prince Charles Edward slept in it, 14 Sept. 1745 ; and
General Hawley breakfasted at it with the Countess
of Kilmarnock on the morning of his rout at Falkirk, 17
Jan. 1746 ; whilst at it Queen Victoria changed horses
on her first visit to Scotland, 13 Sept. 1842. The
estate was given, in 1246, by Alexander II. to Malcolm
de Callenter, and passed, in the reign of David Bruce, to
Sir 'William Livingstone. To his descendant it gave the
title of Earl in 1641 ; and coming along with that title,
in 1695, to the Earl of Linlithgow, was forfeited, in 1716,
by James, fourth Earl of Callendar and fifth of Linlith-
gow for his share in the '15. It was sold in 1720 to the
York Buildings Company, in 1783 to William Forbes,
Esq., a London merchant, whose grandson and name-
sake, the present proprietor (b. 1833 ; sue. 1855), owns
13,041 acres in the shire, valued at £16,215 per annum,
including £3419 for minerals. The sum paid for it by
Mr Forbes was £85,000, or not much more than half the
value of the mere timber on it. Five splendid limes are
in front of the mansion ; a magnificent avenue of planes
on the E leads to a lochlet full of aquatic vegetation ;
and deep forest glades are all around. The mausoleum
of the Forbes family, a circular structure, with 12
fluted Doric columns, surmounted by a massive dome,
is in one of the leafiest nooks of the park. A portion of
Antoninus' Wall also, in a state of stri kin g preservation,
is on the estate. — Ord. Sur. sh. 31, 1867.
Callends, an estate in Newlands parish, Peeblesshire,
on the right bank of Lyne Water, f mile SSW of the
parish church. It was purchased in 1840 for £8000 by
the late Jas. Murray, Esq. , who renovated the mansion.
Henderland Hill (1123 feet), adjoining, is crowned by
an ancient camp, whose three irregularly oval rings have
a longest diameter of 445 feet.
Cafiernish, a village and a district of Uig parish,
Lewis, Outer Hebrides, Ross-shire, on the E coast of
Loch Roag, 16 miles W of Stornoway. In the Builder
of 12 June 1878, Mr Jas. Kerr of Edinburgh described a
neighbouring ' cruciform sun-temple : '— ' A bed of peat
moss, 5 feet thick, only recently cleared away by the
proprietor, Sir James Matheson, had grown year by year
CAMA LOCH
around the base of these standing stones. The only relics
found were 2 curious built, sunk, altar chambers on tha
E side of the great gnomon or centre stone of a circle,
having a built drain also from the same flowing towards
the E. The standing stones are not hewn or dressed in
any way, but are great upright blocks of gneiss. The
dimensions of the gnomon are 16J feet high by 4jbroad,
and 1 foot thick, placed in the centre of a circle, 40 feet
in diameter, formed of 12 stones, averaging from 10 to o 13
feet high. From this circle a row of stones projects east-
ward 38 feet, another southward 69 feet, and another
westward 43 feet. Then we find the grand meridian
avenue from the N, extending in that direction from
the circle 270 feet, formed of a double row of standing
stones 27 feet apart. Walking up this avenue at 12
o'clock noon, and looking towards the great centre stone
while the meridian sun throws his rays right athwart it,
one can hardly fail to see the great object for which this
rude memorial was erected.' The village has a post
office under Stornoway.
Calligray or Killigray, an island in Harris parish,
Outer Hebrides, Inverness-shire, nearly in the middle of
the Sound of Harris. It measures about 2 miles in
length and 1 in breadth ; is nearly all deep uncultivated
moss in the south end, but consists of good cultivated
land in the north end ; and is inhabited by a people who
are mainly supported by fishing. Faint traces of a very
ancient building, supposed to have been a heathen temple,
are in its north end.
Callioch, a headland at the north-western extremity
of Mull, Argyllshire, 7J miles SSE of the north-eastern
extremity of Coll, and 9 SW of Ardnamurchan Point. It
commands a magnificent view from Ardnamurchan to
Iona. The poet Campbell spent some time as a tutor in
its neighbourhood ; took deep impressions from the
scenery around it ; and afterwards embodied them in his
Elegy on Mull.
Callum's Hill, a beautifully wooded eminence in
Ferntower Park, Crieff parish, Perthshire. It has dis-
tinct remains of a camp of the Marquis of Montrose.
Cally, an estate, with a mansion, in Girthon parish,
Kirkcudbrightshire. The mansion, standing amid an ex-
tensive park, 1 mile S of Gatehouse-of-Fleet, was built
wholly of granite in 1763, from a design by Rt. Milne ;
about 1835 was greatly improved ; includes a splendid
marble vestibule, with some fine pieces of sculpture ; and
contains a noble collection of pictures, by Claude Lor-
raine, Poussin, Velasquez, Murillo, Diirer, Sir Joshua
Reynolds, etc. , as also the splendid Sevres wedding casket
of Marie Antoinette. The old House of Cally, 4 mile
to the N, is now an ivy-clad ruin. The owner, Horatio
G. Murray-Stewart of Broughton (b. 1834 ; sue. 1835),
holds 1584 acres in the shire, valued at £1707 per
annum.
Cally, an estate, with a mansion, transferred by the
Boundary Commissioners in 1891 from the Persie section
of Bendochy parish to Kirkmichael parish, Perthshire,
on the river Ardle, 8 miles NNW of Blairgowrie. A
hamlet, called Bridge of Cally, is here on the river.
Calnadulach, a village in Muekairn parish, Argyll-
shire, near Connel Ferry.
Cairossie, an estate, with a mansion, in Logie-Easter
parish, E Ross-shire, 1 mile N by E of Nigg station.
Calton. See Edinburgh.
Calton. See Glasgow.
Calton Hill. See Edinburgh.
Calva, an islet and a harbour in Eddrachillis parish,
Sutherland. The islet lies in the N side of the mouth
of Kyle Sku, 5J miles S by E of Scourie ; and the harbour
is a narrow strait between the islet and the mainland.
Calve. See Calf.
Calvine, a hamlet in Blair Athole parish, Perthshire,
adjacent to Struan station, 4| miles W of Blair Athole
village. It has a post and telegraph office. The High-
land railway here crosses the river Garry on a handsome
stone three-arched viaduct.
Cama Loch, a lake in the SE of Assynt parish, SW
Sutherland, near Altnakealgach Inn. Measuring 2|
miles in length, and from J to 1 mile in width, it is
223