Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland > Volume 2

CUMLODEN
of Inverary and synod of Argyll ; the minister's stipend
is £120. Two public schools, Cumlodden and Furnace,
with respective accommodation for 78 and 110 children,
had (1880) an average attendance of 48 and 78, and
grants of £23, 10s. "2d. and £78, 6s. Pop. of q. s.
parish (1871) 826, (1881) 837 ; of registration district of
Cumlodden and Minard (1881) 1142.
Cumloden, a summer residence of the Earl of Gal-
loway in Minnigatf parish, Kirkcudbrightshire, pictur-
esquely seated upon Penkill Water, 2 miles NE of
Newton-Stewart.
Cummertrees, a village and a coast parish of Annandale,
Dumfriesshire. The village stands, f mile inland, on
Pow Water, near Cummertrees station on the Glasgow
and South-Western railway, llf miles ESE of Dumfries,
and 3J W of Annan, under which it has a post office.
The parish, containing also the village of Powfoot,
and comprising, since 1609, the ancient parish or chapelry
of Trailtrow, is bounded N by St Mungo and Hoddam, E
by Annan, S by the Sol way Firth, and W by Ruthwell
and Dalton. Its utmost length, from N to S, is 5 J miles ;
its breadth, from E to W, varies between 2J and 4 J
miles ; and its area is 11,7474 acres, of which 2206J are
foreshore and 75J water. The river Annan winds 24
miles E by S along all the northern boundary ; and Pow
Water, entering from Ruthwell, flows through the
interior south-eastward to the Firth, which here at high
water has a breadth of 4 to 6 miles, at low of only 3 to 7
furlongs. At flow of tide, its waste of level sand is
swept by the Sol way's celebrated ' bore,' which, rushing
upwards at the speed of 8 or 10 miles an hour, roars
with a tumult heard over'all the parish, and sometimes 12
or 15 miles further northward. The seaboard, 3J miles
long, is low and sandy, in the E alone attaining to 65
feet above sea-level ; but, however featureless by nature,
it has its interest as one of the scenes in Scott's novel of
Redgauntlet. Inland the ground rises slowly northward
to 87 feet near Hurkledale, 160 at Muirhouse, 183 at
Upper Mains, 242 near Norwood, and 350 on Repentance
Hill, from which again it descends rather rapidly to
less than 100 feet along the Annan. The rocks are
mainly Devonian. Limestone, 30 feet thick and contain-
ing 96 per cent, of carbonate of lime, is extensively
worked at Kelhead ; and sandstone has been got from
two quarries. The soil is sandy along the coast ; in
some of the central parts is a fertile loam incumbent
on limestone ; and northward is loam incumbent on
sandstone, whilst elsewhere it ranges from a thin wet
clay incumbent on hard till, and requiring much manure
and labour, to reclaimed bog, drained and improved at
great expense. About 6200 acres are regularly or
occasionally in tillage, and 1300 under wood. In a
field called Bruce's Acres, on the farm of Broom,
Robert Bruce is said to have sustained a severe repulse
from the English. Hoddam Castle and the Tower of
Repentance, the chief antiquities, are separately noticed,
as also are the mansions of Kinmount and Murray-
thwaite. The Marquis of Queensberry is much the largest
proprietor, 5 holding each an annual value of £500 and
upwards, 1 of between £100 and £500, and 2 of from
£20 to £50. Giving off a small portion to Bridekirk
quoad sacra parish, Cummertrees is in the presbytery
of Annan and synod of Dumfries ; the living is worth
£200. The church, which was founded by Robert
Bruce has been repeatedly rebuilt and enlarged, and
now contains 450 sittings. Two public schools, Cum-
mertrees and Trailtrow, with respective accommodation
for 130 and 44 children, had (1880) an average attend-
ance of 86 and 32, and grants of £69, lis. and £39, 10s.
Valuation (1882) £9607, 13s. 5d. Pop. of civil parish,
(1801) 1633, (1831) 1407, (1861) 1232, (1871) 1116,
(1881) 1092; of quoad sacra parish (1871) 1072, (1881)
1068.— On?. Sur., shs. 6, 10, 1863-64.
Cumming's Camp. See Bouetie.
Cumming's Castle. See Dalswinton.
Cummingstown, a straggling coast village in Duffus
parish, Elginshire, 1 J mile E of Burghead. Pop. (1851)
155, (1871) 288, (1881)244.
Cummmstown. See Cuminestown.
CUMNOCK, NEW
Cumnock (Celt, cumar, 'meeting,' and oich, 'water'),
a town of Ayrshire, chiefly in Old Cumnock parish, but
partly also in Auchinleck. It lies in a sheltered hollow,
362 feet above sea-level, on the left bank of winding
Lugar Water, joined here by Glaisnock Burn, 5 furlongs
WSW of one station on the main line of the Glasgow
and South-Western, and 4 mile N by W of another on
its Ayr and Cumnock section, by rail being 15J miles
SE of Kilmarnock, 494 S of Glasgow (394 vid Barrhead),
33 SW of Carstairs, 61$ SW by W of Edinburgh, 424
IW of Dumfries, and 17J E by S of Ayr. With central
square, three spacious streets, and a number of narrow
lanes, it presents a pleasant, well-to-do appearance, and
has a post office, with money order, savings' bank, and
telegraph departments, branches of the Bank of Scot-
land, the Clydesdale Bank, and the Royal Bank, 15 in-
surance agencies, 3 hotels, a gas company, an athenaeum
(1792), a fine cemetery, and 2 Saturday papers —
the Cumnock Express (1866) and the Liberal Cum-
nock Ncios (1880). Thursday is market-day, and
fairs are held on the Thursday in February after Old
Candlemas (cattle and horses), the Thursday after 6
March (race and hiring), the Wednesday after 6 June
(cattle), the Wednesday after 13 July (cattle and hiring),
and the Wednesday after 27 October (fat stock). The
snuff-box manufacture, so famous 50 years since, is
wholly extinct, transferred to Mauchline ; and though
there are two establishments for the weaving of tweeds
and other woollen stuffs, a pottery, and two dairy and
agricultural machine works, mining is now the staple
industry, the neighbourhood abounding in coal and
blackband ironstone. The central square was formerly
the churchyard, and the present churchyard was once the
place of execution ; it contains the graves of two Cove-
nanting worthies, shot here in 1685, and also the ashes
of the Prophet Peden (1626-86), which, buried in Auchin-
leck kirkyard, were forty days after lifted by dragoons,
and reinterred at the foot of the Cumnock gallows. The
parish church, rebuilt in 1867, is a good Second Pointed
structure, with 1100 sittings, stained-glass windows, a
turret clock, and a fine organ, the last erected in 1881.
There are also a Free church, a U.P. church with 900
sittings, a new Congregational church (1882) on the
Auchinleck side of the Lugar, and a handsome Roman
Catholic church (1881-82). The public school, too,
built since the passing of the Education Act, is a very
elegant and commodious edifice, among the finest in the
South of Scotland. Having adopted the Lindsay Act
in 1868, Cumnock is governed by a senior magistrate
and 8 other police commissioners. Its municipal con-
stituency numbered 472 in 1882, when the burgh valua-
tion amounted to £8043. Pop. (1S01) 1798, (1851) 2395,
(1861) 2316, (1871) 2903, (1881) 3334, of whom 93 were
in Auchinleck parish. — Ord. Sur., sh. 14, 1863.
Cumnock, New, a village and a parish of Kyle district,
E Ayrshire. Nearly adjoining Afton-Bridgend, Path-
head, and Mansfield, the village stands, 600 feet above
sea-level, on the right bank of the Nith, at the influx of
Afton Water, and has a station on the Glasgow and
South-Western railway, 54 miles SE of Cumnock, and
214 SE of Kilmarnock. At it are a post office, with
money order, savings' bank, and telegraph departments,
branches of the Bank of Scotland and the Royal Bank,
9 insurance agencies, 3 chief inns, and a parish library
(1828) ; a fair is held here on 18 May.
The parish, containing also the villages or hamlets of
Afton-Bridgend, Pathhead, Mansfield, Castle, Connell
Park, Craigbank, and Dalleagles, formed till 1650 part
of Old Cumnock. It is bounded N by Old Cumnock
and Auchinleck ; E by Kirkconnel and Sanquhar, in
Dumfriesshire ; SE and S by Dairy and Carsphairn, in
Kirkcudbrightshire ; SW by Dalmellington ; and NW
by Ochiltree. Its greatest length is 15 miles from ENE
to WSW, viz., from the Dumfriesshire border near
Glengaber Hill, to the Dalmellington boundary near
Benbain ; its breadth varies between 34 furlongs and
10| miles ; and its area is 48,3574 acres, of which 261J
are water. The Nith, rising in the SW corner, winds
15f miles northward, north-eastward, and eastward
327