Gazetteer of Scotland

C UL
the field received the name it now
bears, from cruor Danorum, the blood
of the Danes. Population 1111792,2028.
CULLEN; a royal borough in the
county of Banff, ft was formerly a
ConftabularjTj of which the Earl of
Findlater was hereditary conftable,
and at that time was known by the
name of Inyerculan, from its iituation
at the mouth of the burn of Culan or
Cullen, which at the N. end of the
town falls into the fea. The Earl of
Findlater is hereditary $r,efes or pro-
ved, and the government of the town
is veiled under him in 3 bailies, a trea-
furer, dean of guild, and 13 counfel-
lors : with a fmall exception, Lord
Findlater is proprietor of the whole
town. Thehoufesare in general mean
and ill built, and theftreets have an irre-
gular and dirty appearance. Notwith-
standing its Situation on the fea coaft,
no yeffels carr-rvienture to take in or
deliver a cargo for want of a harbour,
which a few hundred pounds would
■erect, and render tolerablyfecure. The
want of water is alfo a great difadvan-
tage to the place, there being only one
good fpring in the whole pariih. There
is a considerable manufacture of linen
and o.amajk, eftabliihed about 50 years
ago by the exertions of the Earl of
1 indlater. There are two hilling vil-
lages in the neighbourhood, viz. Cul-
len and Poriknockies, which employ
about 14 or 15 boats. By thefe the
town and country around are amply
fupplied with rifh ; and, befides what
is fold daily, the fifhers cure and dry
a confiderable quantity of cod, fkate,
ling, and haddocks, which they carry
in open boats to Montrofe, Arbroath,
Dundee, and Leith. The parifh of
Cullen extends about 4 miles in length
from the fea, fouthward, and 3 miles
in breadth. The fields in general have
a gentle flope towards the N. and E,
only one eminence, the Bin-bill 'of Cul-
len, deferving the name of mountain.
The foil is generally of a rich deep
loam, but fome fields are of a Strong
clay, and near the fhore fand, mix-
ed with gravel. The farms are in ge-
neral fmall, cnclofed, and well culti-
vated. The Bin-hill lies about a mile
S. W. of the town of Cullen ; about
2 miles from the fea, from the level of
which it is elevated to the height of
1050 feet ; it was lately planted to
the very fummit with trees of various
CUL
kinds. QuUen-houfe, the chief refuiencf
of the Earl of Findlater and Seafieldj
is founded on a rock, about 50 feet
perpendicular above the burn of Cul-
len, over which there is an excellent
Stone bridge of one arch, 84 feet wide,
and 64 feet high, making an eafy com-
munication with the parks and woods,
where the ground admits of endlefs
beauty and variety. The Iituation of
the houfe is romantically pleafant,
having a beautiful profpect towards
the S. and a fine view of the Moray
Frith to the N. Cullen is furrcunded
with moll extenfive plantations, laid
out about 25 years ago by Lord Find-
later ; there being no fewer than 8coo
Scots acres of wafte ground now co-
vered with trees, the number cf which,
if we allow 4000 plants, the ufual pro-
portion to a Scots acre, will amount
to no fewer than 3a, 000,000 of trees.
Near the town of Cullen is the found-
ation of an ancient caftle, on a fmall
eminence, called the Caflle-hiU, over-
hanging the lea ; and the ruins of a
houfe are ftill Shewn, where, it is faid,
Elifabeth, Queen of King Robert Bruce
died. Population in 1791, 1718.
Culloden; a muir fituated a-
bout 3 miles E. of Inverness, memo-
rable for the total defeat of the rebel
army on the 16th April, 1746, by the
King's troops under the Duke of Cum-
berland, which put an end to the
attempts of the Stewart family to re-
gain the Britifh throne. Strangers
often vifit this field, though there is
little to be feen on it, except the
graves of thofe who fell in the action,
which are difcerned by the green fur-
face, while the reft of the muir is co-
vered with heath. The country people
often find bullets and pieces of ar-
mour, which are anxioufly fought
after by the •viriuofi. as curiofities,
and preierved as relics.
CULROSS ; a royal borough in the
county of Perth, fituated on the N.
fhore of the Frith of Forth. Its char-
ter was received from James VI. in the
year 1588, and it ftill retains all its
privileges ; it formerly carried on a
very confiderable trade in fait and
coal, but this has decayed of late ; it
enjoys the advantage of a very fafe
harbour, but, on account of fome
funk rocks at the entrance, it does
not admit fliips of burden : fpring
tides rife to the height of 15 or 16
N