Gazetteer of Scotland

'CAS
from the hills in the N. W. extremity
cf Criech, in the county of Sutherland.
It takes a courfe nearly S. and falls into
the Frith or Kyle of Tain, about 12
miles from its fource. The falmon
©f this river are fmall and white, and
are efte<£med very delicate.
CASTLE -DOUGLAS, or CAR-
XINWARK. This village, fituated
at the N.. corner of Carlin-jjark loch,
in the ftewartry of Kirkcudbright,
was lately erecled into a free and in-
dependent burgh of barony, under the
fuperiority of William Douglas, Efq.
of Caftle-Douglas. It contains about
750 inhabitants, and carries on a con-
siderable manufacture of cotton, in
which Mr. Douglas has a great con-
-cern. One great hindrance, however,
to the fucceis in- that line, or any other
branch of manufacture, is the want of
fuel, which is brought from a great
d'iftance.
Castlesemple Locu; a beauti-
ful piece of water in the parifh of
Lochwinnoch, Renfrewfhire. It co-
vers about 400 acres, and contains
plenty of pike and perch ; it abounds
alfo with f'wans, geefe. and other aqua-
tic fowls. The beauty is much in-
creafed by the fine plantations which
furround it, and by a fmall ifland on
which is an old caftle, called the Paile
or Pete, which appears to have been
a place of confiderable ftrength. The
river Odder flows into this lake, and
the Black Cart is the outlet from it.
CASTLETOWN; an extenfive pa-
rifh in the county of Roxburgh, being
upwards of 18 miles in length, and 14
in breadth. It occupies that diftricr
which was anciently called Liddifdalc,
from the river Liddal, which runs
through it from N. E. towards the S.
The general appearance is hilly and
mountainous, and, at a diftance from
the rivers, bleak and wild in a high
degree ; but on the banks of the ri-
vers, it is very different ; thefe are
covered with natural wood and ex-
tenfive plantations, which afford an
infinite variety of the moft picturefque
fcenery. The mountains are high and
iteep, fome being elevated 2000 feet
above the level of the fea ; but they
all afford excellent paflure for fheep.
In the midft of thefe mountains is an
extenfive bog or morafs, from which
the rivers Tyne and Liddal take their
rife, one running S. E. till it falls into
CAT
J the fea at Newcaftle, and the other
I turning to the W. empties its ftream
j into the Solway Erith. Befides thefe,
I the rivulets Hermitage, Tnveeden, Ker-
\fiope, (which forms the boundary with
' England), the Tinnis, and Blackburn,
water this diftricr. The arable foil
lies moftly on the banks of the rivers ;
but many acres, formerly under til-
lage, are now thrown into paflure.
The romantic cafcade, and natural
bridge on the Blackburn, is in this
diflrict. There are feveral fulphure-
ous mineral fprings, which are occa-
fionally reforted to by invalids. Lime-
ftone is found in great abundance, but
only a few crop feams of coal have
yet been met with. There is alfo
plenty of freeftone. The Duke of
Buccleugh has laid down a beautiful
plan of a village, to be called Caftle-
town ; it is fituated on the banks of
the Lidded, and the inhabitants hold,
at a fmall feu-duty, off the Duke.
There are many ruins of caftles and
fortified places ; in particular, a cir-
cular camp of 100 yards diameter, on
the top of Carby-hill, and alfo feveral
cairns; and many gold raid filver coins
of great antiquity have been found
here. Dr. Armftrong, the author of
the elegant claffic poem on " Health,"
was a native of this parifh, and has
celebrated the beauties of the Liddal
in this poem; (vide Liddal.) Popu-
lation in 1791, 1418.
Catertkun ; a hill in the parifh
of Menmuir, in Angusfhire, about 3
or 4 miles N. of Brechin ; it is re-
markable for a very ftrong fortification
on its fummit ; it confifts of an im-
menfe quantity of loofe ftones, ranged
round the fummit in an oval or ellip-
tic form ; the convexity of which,
from the bafe within to that without,
is 122 feet: round the external bafe
is a deep ditch, and 100 yards below,
the veftiges of another furrounding
the hill : the area within the ftony
mound is flat ; the length of the oval
is 436 feet, and the tranfverfe diame-
ter 200 : this area is covered with a
fine foft grafs, while without the ring
the furface of the hill is covered with
heath and mofs. Amongft the ftones
fome plants appear, but of thefe the
digitalis or foxglove is the moft con-
fpicuous. Within the area is a fine
fpring of the coldeft water ; and near
the E. fide are the remains of a redan-