Gazetteer of Scotland

CAL
C AL
defeat and attainder of Cummine Earl
of Badfinpchi It extends along the
hanks of the river Logi , in the neigh-
bourhood of the thriving town of
Huntly, a place which promifes to be
the Paifley of the north. The furface
is hilly, but in the low grounds the
foil is deep, and abundantly fertile.
The hills were formerly covered with
oak forefts, but now the appearance
is bleak and naked. The parifh con-
tains about gooo black cattle, and a
few iheep. Population in 1792, 2,600.
CAIRNEY-HILL ; a populous vil-
lage in the parifh of Carnock, Fife-
fhire. It is fituated on the great road
leading from Dunfermling to Alloa
and Stirling ; it is the property of
Sir John Halket of Pitfirran, and con-
tarns nearly 400 inhabitants, who are
principally employed in the manufac-
ture of cloth and linens.
CALDER ; a parifh chiefly fituated
in the county of Nairn ; but a final]
part lies in that of Inverneis. Its fi-
gure is irregular ; but, from a furvey
lately made, the number of acres it
con'rans are eftimated at 26,000, of
which 18,000, at leaft, are muir and
mofs. The foil of the arable part is
thin and fnarp, but very fertile. The
low lands are liable to be overflowed
by the burn of Calder, and the water
of Nairn. Befides thefe, the rapid river
of Fiudhorn, abounding with faSmon,
runs through the upper part of the
parifh. A confiderable part is covered
with natural forefts of oak, afh, alder,
and other trees. Calder-caftle, from
which Macbeth drew his fecond title,
is in this parifh. It has formerly been
a place of great if rength ; and the draw-
bridge is ftill to be feen, but there is
no water in the moat. The tower is
very ancient ; its walls are of great
thicknefs, arched at top with ilone,
and furrounded with battlements ; the
reft of the houfe is later, though far
from modern. The wood which fur-
rounds the caftle, and the burn which
runs through it, afford moil delightful
fcenery. Its deep and dark channel,
with the high, fteep, and rocky banks,
are covered with natural trees of all
kinds, of great fize ; and here and
there, the moft beautiful fhrubbery
decorates the fcene. Population in
179;,, 1062.
Calladi:r (Loch); a fm all lake,
about jor j miles in circumference,
on the eftate of Mr. Farquharfcn of
Invercauld, in the parifh of Crathy,
Aberdeenfhire. It abounds with trout,
and contains a few falmon and eel ; it
difcharges its water by the river EidJa',
1 fmall tributary, ftreain of the Dee.
CALLANDER; a village and
parifh in the diftrict of Monteath,
county of Perth. From the banks of
the Teath, one of the moft confider-
able branches of the Forth, the parifh
extends amongft the Grampian hills
about 16 miles in length ; its greafceft
breadth being about 10. The appear-
ance of the county on the W. and N.
is mountainous, and covered with
black heath. At the village of Cal- .
lander is a beautiful valley, in which
are fituated another village, Kilnuikag?
and feveral extenfive farms, on a fine
plain, formed by the confluence of z
confiderable branches of the Forth,
covered with meadows and fertile ara-
ble ground. The higher grounds are
here and there clad with oak woods,
and thriving plantations of various
kinds of trees ; and a bold ftupendous
rock, above Callander, diverlifies the
fcene, and forms a ftriking contrail
to the valley, and the meanderings Gf
the rivulets below. The foil is m
general a light gravel, capable of high
cultivation; but there is much rich
loamy foil : the arable land is moftly
enclofed, either with ftone dykes or
hedge-rows. Callander is remarkable
for the wild and romantic fcer.ery of
its profpecls. The Trofachs, Loch
Catherine or Ketterin, and the other
lakes which are formed by the waters,
of the Teath, are vifited bythofc who*
are defirous of feeing nature in her
rudeft and moft unpolifhed ftate. The
defcription of the fcenery in this quar-
ter, given by Dr. James Robtrtfon 9
minifter of Callander, in the Statiftical
Account, is too elegant to admit a-
bridgment, and too particular for ad-
miffion into our work. The Trofachs
are compofed of argilaceous Jcbijiur,
ftratified and imbedded in veins of
quartz ; the ftrata are in fome inftan-
ces perpendicular to the horizon, and
in all dip very much ; a proof that
fome convulfions or powerful caufes
have torn thefe rugged mafles from
their original fituation. Above the
Trofachs, Benledi, whofe elevation is
.,009 feet, Benvenu, and other lofty
mountains, raife their reeky head; ,; .