Gazetteer of Scotland

INTRODUCTION.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
S
GOTLAND, or that part of the ifland of Great Britain, which lies to the
N. of the river Tweed, is bounded on all fides by the fea, except on the S. E.,
where it is joined to England. The Orkney and Shetland ifies, and the
northern coaft of the mainland of Scotland, oppofe themfelves to the waves
of the great North Sea; the eaftern mores are bounded by the German
Ocean ; the ifiands and rugged cliffs, on its weftern coaft, repel the waves of
the great Atlantic Ocean ; and the fouthern ihores are wafhed by the waves
of the Irifh Sea, and the Solway Frith. Scotland extends about 280 miles in
length, from the Mull of Galloway to Cape Wrath ; and, at the greateft
breadth, from the Point or Ru of Ardnamurchan to Buchannefs, 1S0 miles;
but the land is fo indented by arms ©f the fea, that the breadth is exceed-
ingly various, and no part is diftant above 40 miles from the coaft. Scotland
lies in 54? N. latitude; but the ifiands pertaining to it lie much farther N. ;
the extreme ifland of Shetland being in 61° ia'N.; nearly the fame latitude as
Bergen in Norway.

COASTS.
In defcribing the coafts of Scotland, we lhati begin at the S. E. angle of the
country. From Berwick, the fhore bends towards the N W., till it ter-
minates in the Frith of Forth, which penetrates many miles inland, affording
fafe anchorage and fh'elter the whole extent. The promontory of Fife jutting
out into the Ocean, forms a divifion between the Frith of Forth and the
ieftuary of the Toy. From the Frith of Tay to Peterhead or Buchannefs, the
Coaft flopes in a waving direction to the N. E, Proceeding northward, there
is a vaft bay or opening, fomewhat of the form of an equilateral triangle ;
the fide of which is about So miles in length. The fouthern part of this
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