Encyclopaedia Britannica > Volume 3, Anatomy-Astronomy

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ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA,
EIGHTH EDITION.
GREATLY IMPROVED AND BROUGHT DOWN TO THE PRESENT TIME.
EDITED by
THOMAS STEWART TRAILL, M.D., F.R.S.E.,
Professor of Medical Jurisprudence in the University of Edinburgh ;
ASSISTED BY NUMEROUS CONTRIBUTORS, WHOSE INITIALS ARE ATTACHED
TO THEIR RESPECTIVE ARTICLES.
•
The ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA forms an Alphabetical Repertory of every branch of
Human Knowledge, and renders the Alphabet a ready key not only to the Arts and Sciences, but to
the multiplied details of History, Philosophy, Biography, Geography, Commerce, Manufactures, Sta¬
tistics, and Miscellaneous Literature.
The Publishers are fully aware that in a comprehensive work of reference, as this is, it is desirable
to obtain Completeness and Accuracy of Detail in all the Articles, of whatever length or consequence
they may be. Accordingly, while arrangements have been made to secure the co-operation of some of
the most eminent living authors for the more important contributions, the greatest regard will in every
respect be paid to those of the smallest size.
LIST OF SOME OF THE CONTRIBUTORS TO THE EIGHTH EDITION.
lit. lion. Thomas Babington Macaulay, M.P.
Richard Whately, D.D., Archbishop of Dublin.
R. Dickson Hampden, D.D., Bishop of Hereford.
William Whewell, D.D., Professor of Moral Philosophy,
Trinity College, Cambridge.
Baron Justus Von Liebig.
Dr Wm. Gregory, Professor of Chemistry in the University of
Edinburgh.
William Spalding, Professor of Rhetoric, St Andrews Uni¬
versity.
Sir Archibald Alison, Bart., Author of the History of Europe,
&c. &c.
John Stuart Blackie, Professor of Greek, Edinburgh Uni¬
versity.
Edward Thornton, Esq., Statistical Department, East India
House, Author of Gazetteer of Scinde.
Augustus Petermann, Esq., Physical Geographer to the
Queen.
John Wilson, Esq., Farmer, Eddington Mains, Berwickshire,
Author of various papers on Agriculture read before the
Highland and Agricultural Society.
Thomas Anderson, M.D., Professor of Chemistry, Glasgow,
and Lecturer on Agricultural Chemistry to the Highland and
Agricultural Society.
John Hill Burton, Esq., Advocate, Author of the History of
Scotland from the Revolution, &c.
Rev. Wm. Lindsay Alexander, D.D., Author of Connection
and Harmony of Old and New Testaments, &c. &c.
George Farquhar Graham, Esq., Author of various Works
on Music. >
J. R. M'Culloch. Esq., Member of the Institute of France,
Author of Commercial Dictionary, &c.
Sir William Hamilton, Bart.
George Ferguson, LL.D., Professor of Humanity, King’s
College, Aberdeen.
Charles Maclaren, Esq., F.R.S.E., Author of Topography of
the Plain of Troy, Geology of Fife and the Lothians, &c. &c.
William Hosking, Esq., Professor of Architecture and Arts of
Construction, King’s College, London.
Rev. Robert Main, M.A., F.R.A.S., First Assistant, Royal
Observatory, Greenwich.
Lieut.-Col. Portlock, R.M.A., Woolwich.
Rev. Wm. Scoresby, Author of Account of the Arctic Regions,
&c. &c.
J. H. Stocqueler, Esq., Author of British Officer, Military
Encyclopaedia, &c. &c.
Jonathan Aylen, Esq., Master Attendant, H.M. Dockyard,
Sheerness.
James Wilson, Esq., F.R.S.E., Author of various Works on
Natural History.
David Craigie, M.D., F.R.S.E.
Hon. Lord Cockburn, Author of Life of Lord Jeffrey.
Dr Leonard Schmitz, F.R.SiE., Rector, High School, Edin¬
burgh, Author of History of Rome.
John Hutton Balfour, M.D., Regius Professor of Botany,
Edinburgh University.
James D. Forbes, F.R.S.E., &c. &e., Professor of Natural
Philosophy, Edinburgh University.
Emeric Szabad, late Secretary under the Hungarian National
Government of 1849.
Three Volumes are noiu published:—
VOLUME I. contains the Preliminary Dissertations. By Dugald Stewart, Sir James Mackin-.
tosh, Richard Whately, D.D., John Playfair, and Sir John Leslie.
VOLUME II. contains Articles from A- to ANATOMY. Illustrated by numerous Engravings on
Wood and Steel.
VOLUME III. contains Articles ANATOMY to ASTRONOMY. Illustrated by numerous En¬
gravings on Wood and Steel.
SPECIMENS AND PROSPECTUSES MAY BE HAD OF ANY BOOKSELLER.
EDINBURGH: ADAM AND CHARLES BLACK.
LONDON : LONGMAN & COMPANY ; SIMPKIN & COMPANY; HAMILTON & COMPANY ; WHITTAKER & COMPANY .
SMITH, ELDER, & COMPANY, CORNHILL; HATCHARD, PICCADILLY; AND ALL BOOKSELLERS.