Encyclopaedia Britannica > Volume 8, DIA-England

800
ENGLAND.
Statistics, during that period.1 It appears from the returns, that in
1780 the rate of mortality in England and Wales was one
in forty; meaning by this, that one fortieth part of the
whole population died annually. In 1790 the rate of mor¬
tality was reduced to one in forty-five. During the five
years ending with 1800, it was one in forty-eight; during
the five years ending with 1810, one in fifty-one ; and dur¬
ing the five years ending with 1820, it had sunk to one in
fifty-seven. During the five years ending with 1830, it
seems to have slightly increased ; having been, at an aver¬
age of that period, one in fifty-four. See the subjoined table.
This extraordinary decrease of mortality is no doubt
owing to a variety of causes ; such as, the greater preva-1
lence of habits of sobriety and cleanliness; the better
lodging, feeding, and clothing of the labouring classes;
improvements in medical science, &c. But to whatever it
may be owing, it affords unquestionable evidence of the
signally improved condition of the population.
The increase of longevity has been particularly conspi¬
cuous in London and other great towns. During the first Statistii
half of last century, the mortality in the metropolis is >
believed to have been as high as one in twenty-four; and
it required, down to the American war, large supplies of
recruits from the country to keep up its numbers. But
from 1770 the rate of mortality has been gradually di¬
minishing. In 1790 the births for the first time exceed¬
ed the burials; and since then the city would have gone
on increasing, though it had not been indebted to the
country for a single immigrant. In Manchester, Bristol,
&c. the improvement has been equally striking.
The proportion of births and marriages to the popula¬
tion has continued pretty nearly stationary since 1790.
We subjoin a table of the annual proportion of baptisms,
burials, and marriages, to the population of England; cal¬
culated upon an average of the totals of such baptisms,
burials, and marriages in the five years preceding the
several enumerations of 1801, 1811, 1821, and 1831, and
distinguishing the several counties.
COUNTIES.
Bedford
Berks
Bucks
Cambridge
Chester
Cornwall
Cumberland
Derby
Devon
Dorset
Durham
Essex
Gloucester
Hereford
Hertford
Huntingdon
Kent
Lancaster :
Leicester
Lincoln
Middlesex
Monmouth
Norfolk
Northampton
Northumberland
Nottingham
Oxford
Rutland
Salop
Somerset
Southampton
Stafford
Suffolk
Surrey
Sussex
Warwick
Westmoreland
Wilts
Worcester
York (East Riding)
York (North Riding)...
York (West Riding)
Summary of England, 1
not including Wales J
1796—1800.
Bap¬
tisms.
35
33
37
33
39
33
38
35
36
41
38
35
37
40
38
33
30
34
35
32
39
56
32
42
47
32
35
33
34
39
34
34
34
37
31
35
35
41
34
39
36
34
36
Burials.
50
51
50
45
51
58
53
52
49
62
42
44
55
65
54
46
41
47
49
49
37
72
47
50
57
51
53
50
54
55
46
49
56
42
55
52
50
60
46
55
53
49
48
Mar-
riaaes.
113
148
129
118
130
120
145
138
109
142
116
125
127
183
161
104
116
114
130
117
95
168
126
130
138
116
139
131
142
139
104
124
129
134
126
116
142
142
137
129
142
124
123
1806—1810.
Bap¬
tisms.
34
33
33
31
39
32
35
34
33
35
34
34
36
36
34
35
29
31
38
31
40
50
31
38
43
33
34
34
35
35
30
31
33
37
29
35
32
36
32
30
31
33
34
Burials.
Mar-
51
53
51
44
51
62
53
61
52
56
50
46
65
61
58
50
38
51
59
50
46
70
50
55
55
53
56
55
60
55
46
53
55
46
53
45
55
58
52
49
51
54
51
1816—1820.
1826—1831.
Bap-
tisms.
131
144
129
130
132
142
132
139
113
139
133
130
120
144
168
134
115
115
134
125
94
145
134
132
141
119
141
161
142
128
102
118
132
129
129
119
137
138
129
108
124
123
122
35
33
35
31
35
33
34
36
34
36
34
36
36
36
35
35
31
37
36
31
41
53
32
37
41
33
33
35
36
35
32
32
34
39
33
36
33
36
34
34
35
36
Burials.
Mar¬
riages.
35
56
55
55
56
52
70
55
61
60
64
54
60
62
60
58
63
51
55
59
60
51
72
59
57
65
55
57
62
55
61
61
52
66
51
69
48
52
64
53
55
61
61
57
124
140
139
117
127
146
152
146
132
144
134
146
111
171
171
127
130
116
127
134
101
151
130
129
149
124
148
142
148
140
128
123
134
139
142
118
149
134
140
122
147
124
Bap¬
tisms.
37
33
36
32
43
34
36
36
35
35
35
37
35
37
36
36
34
38
38
31
40
59
33
37
40
31
32
34
35
38
35
32
37
38
33
36
33
35
31
35
35
38
Burials.
127
37
57
52
55
46
57
65
56
56
60
58
54
54
62
56
59
47
49
57
56
51
45
83
54
53
63
51
52
53
54
60
56
51
60
50
58
60
57
57
52
50
56
57
Mar¬
riages.
129
149
144
124
142
147
168
134
134
138
148
154
116
149
127
131
141
117
127
135
102
131
142
135
141
120
120
138
140
147
131
125
137
129
140
119
152
145
127
116
146
136
54
129
1 Preliminary Remarks to Census of 1821. p. 26.