Encyclopaedia Britannica, or, a Dictionary of arts, sciences, and miscellaneous literature : enlarged and improved. Illustrated with nearly six hundred engravings > Volume 19, Scripture-SUG

S P E [
Specific 1196.9 ounces avoirdupois. Alfo 5027 •
Gravity- 1196.9 : 299.28. Therefore a cubic foot of this brine
* contains 299.28 ounces of perfectly dry fait.
The fubfequent fteps of the procefs are reprefented as
follows.
Salt.
8)1256.75
Brine.
8)5027
628.4
4398.6
527-4
7)1099.6
I57*1
7)49260
7°3-7
942-5
157.1
6)4827.0
804.5
785.4
I57*1
5)4729.0
946
628.3
157.1
47T-2
157.1
SM-1
I57-1
4222.3
604.7
4022. c
706.5
377°-25
— ^ of brine
Remains.
Water to fill
it again.
2d Brine,
taken out.
Water added
3d Brine.
Taken out.
Remains.
Water added
3783
847
4)4630
1157-5
3472-5
i°54-5
3)4527
1509
3OI8
I4°5
2)4423
2212
2211
2102
157-0
4313
Water.
Wt. of
'.ub. Ft.
1196 9
II72.7
1 r49-3
4th Brine.
Taken out.
Remains.
Water added
5th Brine.
Taken out.
Remains.
Water added
6th Brine.
Taken out.
Remains.
Water added
7th Brine.
Taken out.
Remains.
Water added
8th Brine.
Salt in
Cub. Ft.
II25.9
II02.3
299.28
37-4Il
261.87
37-41
224.46
187.05
149.64
1077.9
I053-3
1027.9
57° 1 S P E
- cubic foot are made the abfciflie, and the weights of the Specific
cubic foot of brine are the correfponding ordinates, the . G‘^Y|T
curve will be found to be extremely regular, refembling
a hyperbolic arch whofe affymptote makes an angle of
30° with the axis. Ordinates were then interpolated,
analytically for every 10 ounces of contained fait, and
thus the table was conftrutted. We did not, however,(
reft it on one feries alone 5 but made others, in which
one-fourth of the fait was repeatedly abftradled. They
agreed, in the cafe of common fait, with great exaflnefs^
and in fome others there were Come very inconfiderable
irregularities.
To {how the authority of the tables of ftrength was,
by no means our only motive for giving an example of
the procefs. It may be of ufe as a pattern for fimilar
experiments. But, befides, it is very inftru&ive. We
fee, in the firft place, that there is a very fenfible change
of denfity in one or both of the ingredients. For the
feries is of that nature (as we have formerly explained),
that if the ingredients retained their denfities in every
proportion of commixture, the fpecific gravities would
have been in arithmetical progreflion 5 whereas we fee.
that their differences continually diminilh as the brines
grow more denfe. We can form fome notion of this
by comparing the different brines. Thus in the firft brine,
weighing 5027 grains, there are 3770 grains of water
in a veffel holding 4200. If the denfity of the water
remains the fame, there is left for the fait only as much
fpace as would hold 430 grains of water.. In this
fpace are lodged 1257 grains of fait, and its fpecific,
gravity, in its liquid form, is = 2.8907 very near*
ly. But in the 8th brine the quantity of water is
4156, the fpace left for 157 grains of fait is only the
bulk of 44 grains of water, and the denfity of the fait is
112.23
74.82
37-41
= 3.568, confiderably greater than before. This
£57 __
44
induced us to continue the dilution of the brine as fol¬
lows, beginning with the 8th brine.
2)4313 8th brine
2156.5
157
78.5
2156.5
2105.5
78.5
39-7
39-7
2)4262.0 9th brine
2131
2102
2)4233 i Oth brine
2116.5
Thus, by repeated abftra&ion of brine, fo as always
to take out ^th of the fait contained in one conftant bulk,
we have obtained a brine confiftingof 157 grains of fait
united with 4313—157, or 4T56 grains of water.
Its fpecific gravity is =1,0279, and a cubic foot
of it weighs 1028 ounces, and contains 37t& ounces of
dry fair. In like manner may the fpecific gravity, the
we ght of a cuoie foot, and the fiat it contains, be efti-
jnated for the intermediate brines.
“When thefe eight quantities of fait contained in a
2116.5
2102
19.8 4218 utta brine.
This laft brine contains 4198.2 grains of water, lea¬
ving only the bulk of 1.8, grains of water to contain
19.8 of fait, fo that the fait is ten times denfer than
water. This will make the ftrength 243 inftead of
210 indicated by the fpecific gravity. But we do not
pretend to meafure the denfities with accuracy in thefe
diluted brines. It is evident from the procefs that a
fingle