Encyclopaedia Britannica; or, A dictionary of arts and sciences, compiled upon a new plan … > Volume 2, C-L

FARE
But fliould it be found impracticable to bring the fwel-
Tmg to matter, and it increafes upwards, fo as to endan¬
ger fuffocation ; authors have advifed to pierce the tu¬
mour with a hot pointed cautery in five or fix places, to
drefs with the above digeftive ; and in-order to ftimulate
and promote a greater dtfcharge, to add to it a fmali
quantity of Spanith flies and euphorbium in powder;
fomenting at the fame time, and bathing the circumjacent
parts with ointment of marshmallows. M. Gueriniere,
as well as Soleyfell, have advifed opening the /kin, when
the tumour cannot be brought to matter, in order to in¬
troduce a piece of black hellebore-root fteeped in vinegar,
and to confine it there for twenty-four hours ; this alfo is
intended as a flimuiant, and is faid to anfwer the inten¬
tion, by occafioning fometimes a fwelling as big as a man’s
head.
Befides the diforders of the mouth, which we have al¬
ready animadverted on, there are frequently obferved on
the infide the lips and palate, little fwellings or bladders
called giggf : flitting them open with a knife, or lancet,
and walhing them afterwards with fait and vinegar, is in
genera! their cure; but when they degenerate into what
are called cankers, which are known by little white fpecks,
that fpread and occafion irregular ulcers, the bell method
then is to touch them daily with a fmali flat cautery, mo-
-derately heated, till the fpreading is flopped, and to mb
the fores three or four times a-day with iEgyptiacum, and
tinfture of myrrh, fitarpened with oil, or fpirit of vitriol;
when by this drefling the floughs are feparated, they may
be wa/hed frequently with a fponge dipped in copperas,
or fublimate water, if they continue to fpread; or a tinc¬
ture made by diflblving half an ounce of burnt alum, and
two ounces of honey, in a pint of tindlure of rofes. Ei¬
ther of thefe will dry them up, and are very ufeful in
moft diforders of the mouth.
A relaxation and fwelling of the palate fometimes hap¬
pens to horfes on catching cold. To remedy this difor-
F A S
FASCES, in Roman antiquity, axes bound up together
with rods or ftaves, and carried before the Roman
magiftrates as a badge of their authority and office.
FASCETS, in the art of making glafs, are the. irons
thruft into the mouths of bottles, in order to convey
them into the annealing tower.
FASCIA, in architediure, fignifies any flat member ha¬
ving a confiderable breadth and but a fmall projedture,
as the band of an architrave, larmier, cbc.
Fascia lata, in anatomy. See Anatomy, p. 206.
FASCIAE, in aflronomy, certain parts on Jupiter’s body
refemblibg belts or fwaths. They are more lucid
than the reft of that planet, and are terminated by pa¬
rallel lines, fometimes broader and fometimes narrower.
FASCIALIS, in anatomy. See Sartorius.
FASCINATION, a kind of witchcraft or enchantment
fuppofed to operate by the influence either of the eye
or tongue. «
FASCINES, in fortification, faggots of fmall wood, of
about a foot diameter and fix feet lopg, bound in the
Vol. II. No. 49. -2
I E R T. 5S1
der, blow pepper on the part, or anoint It with the fame
mixed up with honey. The tindlure above-mentioned
may be ufed for this purpofe, to which may be added half
an ounce of fpirit of fial armoniac.
The colt-evil is fuppofed to arife from ftoned colts ha¬
ving full libdhy with mares, before they are able to cover
them ; whence frequently enfues an excoriation or fret¬
ting on the glands, and a fwelling on the /heath ; this
laft diforder frequently proceeds too from dirt, or filth
lodging there, and is often removed by wa/hing the part
clean with butter and beer: but when the yard itfelf is
fwelled, foment it twice a-day with marfhmallows boiled
in milk, to which may be added a little' fp'irit of wine;
anoint the excoriation with the white ointment, or wa/h
it with a fponge dipped in lime, to a pint of which may
be added two drams of fugar of lead : the yard ftiould be
fufpended up to the belly ; and if the fwelling Ihould in-
creafe wi h the inflammation, bleed, and give the cooling
pliyfic, anoint with ointment of elder, and apply the bread
and milk poultice.
If a fimple gonorrhoea or feminal gleet is obferved to
drip from the yard, (which is often the cafe in high-fed
young horfes, where a relaxation of the glands and femx-
nal veflels has been brought On by frequent emi/fions) let
the horfe be plunged every day into a river or pond ; giv^
him two or three rhubarb purges, at proper diftances;
and intermediately the following balls.
Take of balfam of copivi, or Venice turpentine, oli-
banum, and maftich powdered, of each two drams ;
bole armoniac half an ounce: mix up into a ball
with honey, and give it night and morning, till the
difcharge leffens, and then every night, till it goes
o/F
Balls prepared with rhubarb and turpentine may alfo
be given for this purpofe; two drams of the former, with
half an ounce of the latter.
FAT
middle and at both ends. They are nfed in raifing
batteries, making chandeli^s, in filling up the moat
to facilitate the paflage to the wall, in binding the
ramparts where the earth is bad, and in making para¬
pets of trenches to fcreen the men.
FASHION-pieces, in the fea-language, are two com-
pa/ling pieces of timber, into which is fixed one on
each fide the tranfom. See Transom.
FAST, or Fasting, in general, denotes the abftinence
from food; but is more particularly ufed for fuch ab¬
ftinence on a religious account.
FASTERMANS, among our Saxon anceftors, w’ere
pledges or bondfmen, who were anfwerable for each
other’s good behaviour.
FASTI, in Roman antiquity, the calendar wherein were
exprefled the feveral days of the year, with their feafts,
games, and other ceremonies.
FAT, in anatomy, an oleaginous or butyraceous matter,
fecreted from the blood, and filling up the cavity of
the adipofe cells. Fat, properly and diftinftly fo call-
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