Encyclopaedia Britannica; or, A dictionary of arts and sciences, compiled upon a new plan … > Volume 2, C-L

FARR
off eadly. F.or the method of dieffing, we muft refer to
the preceding SeifHon ; and if the bones fhouJd be found
foul, they muft be dreffed with tindlureof myrrh till they
jcale offt if the fungus is very troublefome, and the dif-
charge oily, yellow and vifcid, pledgets foaked in the
following, made hot, have been found vtry effeftual,
bathing the fwelling round with fpirit 'of wine 'and vi-
negar.
Take half an Ounce of blue vitriol diffolved in a pint
of water ; oil of turpentine, and refiified fpirit of
wine, of-each four ounces ; white-wine vinegar, fix
ounces; oil of vitriol and iEgyptiacum, of each two
ounces.
When the cavities are truly fiftulous, the callofities
hiuft be cut out, where it can be done, with a knife ; and
the remainder defrayed by corrofives, viz. precipi¬
tate, burnt alum, and white vitriol, as we have already
obferved in the Sefiion on UJcers.
WarbUs are fmall hard tumours under the faddle-part
of the horfe’s back, occafioned by the heat of the faddle
in travelling, or its uneafy fituation. A hot greafy difh-
clout at firlt frequently applied, will fometimes remove
them. Camphorated fpirits of wine are alfo very effec¬
tual for this purpofe to difperfe them, to which a little
fpirit of fal armoniac may be added. The repellers a-
bove-mentioned are fuccefsfully applied in thefe cafes;
and if you are obliged to work the horfe, take care your
faddle is nicely chambered.
A ftt-fafi proceeds generally from a warble, and is
the horfe’s hide turned horny, which, if it cannot be dif-
faived and foftened by rubbing with the mercurial oint¬
ment, muft be cut out, and treated then as a frefh wound.
Of Wind-galls. Blood Bog Spavins.
A Wind-gall is a flatulent fwelling, which yields
to the preffure of the ifinger, and recovers its fliape on
the removal thereof: the tumour is vifible to the eye,
and often feated on both Tides of the back finew, above
the fetlocks, on the fore legs, but mod: frequently on the
bind-legs; though they are met with in various parts of
the body, where-ever membranes can be fo feparated, that
a quantity of air and ferofities may be included within
their duplicatures.
When they appear near the joints and tendons, they
are generally caufed by (trains, or bruifes on the finews,
or the (heath that covers them; which, by being over-
ftretched, have fome of their fibres ruptured; whence
.probably may ouze out that fluid which is commonly
found with the included air: though where thefe fwellings
fliew themfelves in the interflices of large mufcles, which
appear blown up like bladders, air alone is the chief
fluid ; and thefe may fafely be opened, and treated as a
common wound. -
On the firft appearance of wind-galls, their cure fhould
be attempted by reff ingents and bandage; for which
purpofe, let the fwelling be bathed twice: a-day with
vinegar, or verjuice alone; or let the part be fomented
with a deco&ion of oak-bark, pomegranate, and alum
boiled in verjuice, binding over it, with a roller, a woollen
cloth Ibaked in the lame. Some, for this purpofe, vtjTe
I E R Y. 5 75
red-wine lees, others carriers fliavlngS wetted with the
fame, or vinegar, bracing the part up with a firm ban¬
dage.
If this method, after a proper trial, fhould not he
found to fucceed, authors have advifed the fwelfing to be
pierced with an awl, or opened with a knife.: but mild
bliflering has in general the preference given to thefe me¬
thods ; the including fluids being thereby drawn off,
the impatfled air difperfed, and the tumour gradually di*
minifhed.
A blood-fpavin is a fwelling and dilatation of the vein
that runs along the infide of the hock, forming a little
foft fwelling in the hollow part, and is often attended
with a weaknefs and lamenefs of the hock.
The cure (hould be firft attempted with the reftringents
and bandage above recommended, which will contribute
greatly to ftrengthen all weakneffes of the joints, and
frequently will remove this diforder, if early applied:
but if by thefe means the vein is" not reduced to its ufual
dimenfions, the ikin fhould be opened, and the vein tied
with a crooked needle and wax-thread palled underneath
it, both above and below the fwelling, and the turgid
part fuffered to digeft away with the ligatures : for this
purpofe, the wound may be daily dreffed with turpentine,
honey, and fpirit of wine, incorporated together.
A bog-fpavin is an eneyfted tumour on the infide the
hough; or, according to Dr Bracken, a colleflion of
brownifh gelatinous matter, contained in a bag, or cyft,
which he thinks to be the lubricating matter of the joint
altered, the common membrane that inclofes it forming
the .cyft. This cafe he has taken the pains to illuftrate ia
a young colt of his own, where he fays, When the fpa-
vin was preffed hard on the infide the hough, there was a
fmall tumour on the outfide, which convinced him the
fluid was within-fide the joint: he accordingly cut into it,
difeharged a large quantity of this gelatinous matter, dre.f-
fed the fore with doffils dipped in oil of turpentine, put¬
ting into it, once in three or four days, a powder made
of calcined vitriol, .alnm, and bole: by this method of
dreffing, the bag floughed off, and came away, and the
cure was fuccefsfully compleated without any vifible fear.
This diforder, according to the above defeription, will
fcarcely fubmit to any other method, except firing, when
the cyft ought to be penetrated to make it effetffual; but
in all obftinare cafes that have refifted the above methods,
both the cure of this and of the fwellings called wind-galls
fhould be attempted in this manner. If, through the
pain attending the operation or dreffings, the joint fhould
fwell and inflame, foment it twice a-day, and apply aS
poultice over the dreffings till it is reduced.
Of Mallenders and Sallenders.
Mallenders are cracks in the bend of the horfe’s
knee', that^difeharge a (harp indigefted matter; they are
often the occafion of lamenefs, ftiffnefs, and the horfe’s
tumbling.
Sallenders wet the fame diftemper, fituate on the bend¬
ing of the hough, and occafion a lamenefs behind.
They are both cured by wafhing the parts with a lather
of foap warmed, or old chamber-lye ; and then apply o-:
ver