Encyclopaedia Britannica; or, A dictionary of arts and sciences, compiled upon a new plan … > Volume 2, C-L

CAP ( 31
The mambrica, with reclined horns, about the
length of the neck, pendent ears, and a beard. It is
a native of India.
4. The rupicapra, or fhamoy-goat, has credit and
hooked horns. It inhabits the inacceffible mountains
cf Switzerland. The,body is of a duflry red colour ;
but the front, top of the head, gullet, and infide of
the ears are white ; the under part of the tail is black-
ifh; and the upper lip is a little divided. They fel-
dom defcend from the mountains but in hard winters,
when they come down to feed upon the branches and
barks of fir-trees, <bc. On occafions of this kind, one
of the herd always keeps watch to give notice to the
refl of any approaching danger.
5. The deprefl'a, is an American goat, withfmall de-
preffed horns, bent inwards and lying upon the head.
It is about the fize of a kid; and the.hair is long and
pendulous.
6. The reverfa, is likewife an American goat, with
ereft horns curved back at the points. It is about the
fize of a kid of a year old.
7. The gazella, is an Indian goat, with long, ere&,
cylindrical horns, annulated near the bafe.
8. The cervicapra, is likewife an Indian goat, with
plaited, cylindrical horns.. The hair near the horns
is longer than in any other part of the body.
9. The Bezoanica, or Bezoar-goat, is bearded,
and has cylindrical, arched, and wholly amiulated
boms. It is a native of Perfia. The bezoar is found
in one of the flomachs called abomafus. See Be¬
zoar.
10. The dorcas, or antelope, has cylindrical, an¬
nulated horns, bent backward, contorted, and arifing
from the front between they eyes. It is a native-of
Africa and Mexico.
11. The tartarica-, has cylindrical, ftrait, annula¬
ted horns, diaphonous at the points. ,.It has no beard,
and is found in the northern parts of Afia.
12. The ammon, has ftmicircular, plain, white
horns, and no beard. It is about the fize of a ram,
and is a native of Siberia.
CAPRAIA, an ifland on the coaft of Tufcany, about
thirty miles fouth-weft of Leghorn: E. long. ii°,
and N. lat. 430-15'.
CAPRARIA, in botany, a genus of the didynamia-'Rn-
giofpermia clafs. The calix is divided into five feg-
ments ; the corolla is bell fhaped, and divided intohve
parts; the capfule has two valves, and contains many
feeds. There are three fpecies, none of them natives
of Britain;
GAPRAROLA, a town of St Peter’s patrimony in
Italy, about twenty miles north of the city of Rome,
and eight fouth of Viterbo : E. long, i j0-, and N.lat.
'420 3c/.—It is a bifhop’s fee.
CAPRI,1 or Caprea, a city and ifland at the entrance
of the gulf of Naples, about twenty miles fouth of.
that city: E. long. 140 jo', and N. lat. 40? 45'.
The ifland is only four miles long,, and one broad ;
the city is a bifhop’s fee, fituated on a, high rock, at
the weft end of the ifland.
CAPRICORN, in zoology. See Mordella.
) CAP
Capricorn-^//?. See Cerambyx.
Capricorn, in aftronomy, one of the twelve figns of
the zodiac.
Tropic of Capricorn, a lefler circle of the fphere-,
which is parallel to the equinoxial, and at 23g 30
diftance from it fouth wards.
CAPRI FICATION, a method ufed in the Levant, for
ripening the fruit of the domeftic fig-tree, by means of
infers bred in that of the wild fig-tree.
It is faid, that thefe figs will never come to matu¬
rity, unlefs wounded by. the infers depoflting their
eggs. Poflibly the reafon of this effeift, may be their
lacerating the veftels of the fruit, and thereby deriving
thither a greater quantity of nutricious juice.
Plumbs and pears, wounded in the lame manner;
are found to ripen fooneft, and the pulp about the
wound has A more exquifite tafte than the reft.,,
CAPRIFICUS-, in botany. See. Ficus. .
CAERIFOLIUM, in botany. See Lonicera.
CAPRIMULGUSj Goat socker, or Fern-owl,
in ornithology, a genus of birds belonging to the order
ofpafleres. The beak is incurvated, fmall, tapering^
and deprefled at the bafe ; the hairs at the mouth,
which it opens very wide, are placed in a row, There
are two fpecies, viz. the Europasus/with the tubes of
the noftrils hardly vifible. It is a native of Europe,
and feeds upon moths and nofturnal infedis. This bird
is,faid to fuck goats in the night. See PI. 63. 2. The
Americanus, has-the tubes of the noftrils very confpi-
cuous. This is a night-bird, and is found in America..
CAPRIOLES, in the menage, leaps that a horfe makes
in the fame place, without advancing, in fuch a man¬
ner, that when he is at the height qf the leap, he jerks
out with his hinder legs even and near. It is the moft
difficult of all the high menage, It differs from a
croupade in this, that in a croupade the horfe does not
fhew his ffioes ; and from a ballotade, becaufe in this
he does not jerk but, To make a horfe wotk well at
caprioles, he muft- be put between two pillars, and
taught to raife firft his fore-quarters, and then his
hind quarters, while his fore are yet in the air, for
which end you muft give the-whip and the poinfon.
CAPSICUM, or Guinea-pepper, a genus of the pen-
tandria monogynia clafs. The corolla is rotated, and
the berry wants juice. There are two fpecies, both
natives of the Indies. The feeds are ufed in. fauces
and pickles.
CAPSQUAR-ES, in gunnery, ftfong plates of iron
which come over the trunnions of a gua, and keep it
in the carriage.
They are faftened . by a hinge to the prize-plate,
that they may lift up. and down, and form a part of
an arch in the middle to receive a .third part of the
thicknefs of the trunnions ; for two thirds are let into
the carriage, and the other end is faftened by two ■
iron wedges, called the. fore-locks and keys.
CAPSTAN, or Main capstan, in a ./hip, a great ■
piece of timber in the nature of a windlafs, placed next
behind the main-maft, its foot (landing in a ftep on the
lower deck, and its head between the upper decks*
formed into feveral fquares with, holes in them. Its
ufe.