Blair Collection > Celtic studies

xxvi Contents.
§ 4. Consonantismus. — Aspiration of tenues afitr vowels. Tenues wlien
aspirated, pp. 143-144. Organic Wedise changed into tenues in Oid
Irish, in two ways, p. 144. Comparison of Woderu Irish, pp. 144-145.
Observation as to the so-called eclipse of the tenuis, p. 145. Conclu-
sion : (Examples), p. 146.
§ 5. Co7isonantis!nus. — Cases uhich afford occasion for aspiration after a
preserved or lost vowel: (I.) in inlaut ; (II.) in anlaut; (III.) in syntax.
Inference of aspiration from the presence of a vowel, p. 146. Exapaples.
Three categories.
(I.) In inlaut, p. 147. Examples from conjugation, p. 147. Confirma-
tion of Zeuss as to the /, n, s, d, t, th. (Observation as to O'Donovan
on the Modern Irish Passive and Participles), pp. 147-148. Examples,
from declension, p. 148. iJerivatives in -te, p. 149. Derivation with
various suffixes, p. 149.
(II.) In anlaut. Of the second member in composition, p. 150. Omis-
sion by Zeuss as to the exceptions to the aspiration rule, p. 150.
Grimm's observations as to t and d, in Mod. Irish, remaining un-
changed after liquids, not quite correct. (" Mactire"", explained), p.
150. Examples of other exceptions, p. 150. Explanation of" Dunpe-
leder" in Zeuss, p. 151. No aspiration following O and Mac, in names,
p. 151.
(III.) Caution as to use of Mod. Irish in determining laws of anlaut (not
developed by Zeuss). p. 151. Phonetic changes, how produced in syn-
tax, p. 152. (1) Original terminations of the article, in the several
cases. Examples, p. 152. Phonetic laws after the article, p. 153.
Eule as to Eclipse (O'Donovan), apparently inexplicable, p. 153. Ex-
planation, however, by comparison of O'Donovan's examples from
Keating, p. 154. Observations as to confusion of case-endings (p. 78
et seq.) completed, p. 154. Peculiar use of ace. for nom. in Old Irish,
p. 154. Confusion in the spoken language ; (examples), p. 154. The
true ace. in the so-called dat. sing., p. 154. Comparison with Mod.
Greek, as to loss of dat., p. 155. Example (Table of Declension) of the
treatment of the anlaut after the article, p. 155. Explanation of so-
called Eclipse of s after is {in), p. 156. Of the Adjective after the
article, p. l56. (2) Influence of auslaut on following ctn('aH< between
adj. and subst., p. 156. Examples in Zeuss few, p. 156. Examples
for the aspiration of the adj., p. 157. Suppression of aspiration in cer-
tain cases, p. 157. Transvected n:!sal, p. 157. Examples for the as-
piration of the subst., p. 157. Correspondence with what is known of
the Dual : (O'Molloy and O'Donovan), p. 158. Eclipse after numerals,
p. 158. (3) Combination between subst. and succeeding genitive'
much weaker, p. 158. Examples of nasal pieserved in ace, p. 158.
Other examples, p. 159. (4) Pronouns : (E.xamples), p. 159. (5)
The anlaut after propositions and other particles, p. 160. (6) Action
of the verb on the object, p. 161.
§ 6. Loss of P in Celtic. Preservation of the guttural in the Gacdhelic
(replaced by the labial in the Greek and the Kyraric). Examples,
p. 161. Primitive p replaced even by c or ch. Examples, p. 161.
Aversion to yj in anlaut. Examples, pp. 161-2. Want in the Celtic
languages of the prepositions with/;- anlaut in the Sanskrit and other
cognate languages, p. 162. Assumption by Pictet and Bopp: (exam-
pies). ^' Frith". "/-'»", p. 162. The Sanskrit " pra" and " />a/-t", p.
163. The prefix ''ro", ''ire", pp. 163-4.
§ 7. Loss of the P in Celtic (continued). Example of loss of p in anlaut in
" e'«" (avis), p. 164. Pictet and Pott as to " are", j). 164. Prepositions
in Old Irish in a double, and even a treble form, p. 164. Examples, p.
165. Eundamental meaning of " a?", p. 165.