Ordnance gazetteer of Scotland

GLADNEY
Gladney or Glaidney, a village in the southern ex-
tremity of Cupar parish, Fife, adjacent to Ceres. Pop.
(1861) 148, (1871) 229, (1881) 115, (1891) 118.
Gladsmuir, a village and a parish in the W of Had-
dingtonshire. The village stands 355 feet above sea-
level, near the eastern verge of the parish, 2J miles
SSE of Longniddry station, on the Haddington branch
of the North British railway, 4 W by S of Haddington,
and 3§ E of Tranent, with a post office under Maemerry.
Crowning the ridge between Haddington and Tranent,
it commands a superb panoramic view of the Lothians,
the Firth of Forth, and the southern shore of Fife.
The parish, constituted in 1692 out of portions of
Haddington, Tranent, and Aberlady, contains also the
villages of Longniddry, Samuelston, and Penston. It
is bounded NW by the Firth of Forth, S by Aberlady,
E by Haddington, S by Pencaitland, and W by Tranent.
Its utmost length, from N to S, is 4 J miles; its utmost
breadth is 4 miles; and its area is 7165J acres, of which
120f are foreshore. A small burn, running to the
Firth, traces much of the Aberlady border; another
traces for If mile the boundary with Tranent; two
others rise in and traverse the interior; and the river
Tyke winds If mile east-north-eastward along the Had-
dington border. The coast-line, 1 mile long, is low but
rocky; and from it the surface rises gently to 371 feet
at Penston and 400 at the south-western comer of the
parish, whilst sinking again south-eastward to 190 feet
along the Tyne. So much of the area was in a marshy
condition as to look almost like a continuous fen, but
now has been so thoroughly reclaimed as to be every-
where in a state of high cultivation. The ridgy tract,
too, was for ages an open moor, but that likewise has
been well reclaimed. The rocks belong chiefly to the
Carboniferous formation, but are intersected, from E to
W, by a remarkable trap dyke, which has been largely
quarried for road metal, and for building has abundant
sandstone. Limestone and ironstone have been worked;
and coal abounds of excellent quality, occurring in some
places in seams from 4 to 5 feet thick. It seems, in the
vicinity of Penston, to have been mined for upwards of
five centuries. Fireclay also is plentiful. The soil is
sandy on the immediate seaboard, a fertile loam towards
Longniddry, clayey in the middle tract, and loamy
along the Tyne. About 200 acres are under wood;
nearly 1200 are in pasture; and all the rest of the land
is either regularly or occasionally in tillage. The man-
sion of the Douglases of Longniddry, who acted a dis-
tinguished part in the Reformation, and invited John
Knox to their home when he was driven away from St
Andrews, is now represented by only a low round mound.
A ruined chapel, called John Knox's Kirk because the
great Reformer sometimes preached in it, stands a little
E of Longniddry village. A church was built, in 1650,
at Thrieplaw, near the boundary with Pencaitland, but,
on the constituting of the parish, fell into disuse, and
has utterly disappeared. William Robertson, D.D.
(1721-93), who became Principal of Edinburgh Univer-
sity, was minister of Gladsmuir from 1743 to 1758, and
wrote here the greater part of his History of Scotland;
and George Heriot (1563-1624), the founder of the
hospital that bears his name in Edinburgh, was the son
of a native of Gladsmuir, and himself has been claimed
as a native. Under Prestonpans is noticed the battle,
sometimes called of Gladsmuir. Elvingston is the
chief mansion. Gladsmuir is in the presbytery of Had-
dington and synod of Lothian and Tweeddale ; the
living is worth £300. The parish church, at the vil-
lage, a handsome edifice of 1850, and successor to one
of 1695, was destroyed by fire in 1886, and afterwards
rebuilt. Four schools — Gladsmuir, Longniddry, Mac-
merry, and Samuelston — with respective accommoda-
tion for 113, 144, 140, and 61 children, have an average
attendance of about 50, 90, 100, and 30, and grants
of over £40, £80, £70, and £35. Valuation (1879)
£18,648, 6s., (1883) £16,250, 18s., (1892) £13,044,
19s. 5d. Pop. (1801) 1460, (1831) 1658, (1861) 1915,
(1871) 1863, (1881) 1747, (1891) 1604. — Oral. Sur., sh.
33, 1863.
650
GLAMIS
Glaidney. See Gladney.
Glaissean or Glashan, a lake in Kilmichael-Glassary
parish, Argyllshire. Lying 340 feet above sea-level, it
has an utmost length and breadth of 1J and $ mile,
abounds in smallish trout, lies on moorland, and sends
off a stream Vj mile south-south-eastward to Loch Awe
at Lochgair. — Oral. Sur. sh. 37, 1876.
Glaitness. See Kirkwall.
Glamaig or Ben Glamaig, a conical mountain (2670
feet) in Portree parish, Isle of Skye, Inverness-shire, on
the S side of Loch Sligachan, in the immediate neigh-
bourhood of the Cuchullin Mountains. It has round
bronze-hued shoulders; its sides are channelled by innu-
merable water-courses; great heaps of shingle lie scat-
tered around its base; and its summit is washed bare of
soil and vegetation.
Glamis, a village and a parish of SW Forfarshire.
The village stands, 300 feet above sea-level, on the left
bank of Glamis Burn, 11 miles N of Dundee, and 1 \ mile
SSE of Glamis station on the Scottish Midland section
of the Caledonian, this station being 5J miles WSW of
Forfar and 27 NE of Perth. It serves as a small centre
of traffic for a tract of country around it, and has a post,
money order, and telegraph office, a branch of the Royal
Bank, 2 sawmills, a school, Established and Episcopal
churches, a masonic hall, a hotel, and fairs on the first
Wednesday of April and May, the Wednesdays after 26
May and 22 November, and the Saturday of October
before Kirriemuir.
The parish contains also the villages or hamlets of
Charleston, Newton, Milton, Thornton, Grasshouses,
and Arniefoul. It is bounded N by Kirriemuir, NE
by Forfar, E by Kinnettles and Inverarity, SE by
Tealing, SW by Auchterhouse and Newtyle, W by
Eassie and Nevay, and NW by Airlie. Its utmost
length, from N to S, is 6§ miles; its breadth varies
between 2 and 5J miles; and its area is 14, 483 J acres,
of which 136J are water. From the Loch of Forfar
(9 x 2 furl. ; 171 feet) in the NE corner of the parish,
Dean Water flows 5 J miles west -south -westward,
chiefly through the northern interior, but 2 miles along
the Kinnettles border, which also is traced for 2|
miles north-westward by Army or Kerbit Water, from
just above Douglastown to its mouth. Glamis Burn,
another of the Dean Water's affluents, rises close to the
southern border at 910 feet above sea-level, and thence
winds 6§ miles north-by-eastward through the interior
along Glen Ogilvie; just above Glamis village it breaks
through a ridge of high ground, and forms a fine cas-
cade. And Eassie Burn curves 2f miles northward
through the south-western extremity, then 1J mile
along the boundary with Eassie. (See Denoon.)
Sinking along Dean Water to 160 feet above sea-level,
the surface thence rises east-north-eastward to 224 feet
at Broom Hill and 232 near Drumglay, southward to
664 at Hunters Hill, 700 at West Cram Hill, 925 at
Berry Hillock, 754 near Kilmundie, 1115 at Carlunie
Hill, 1116 at Ark Hill, 1242 at Gallow Hill, and
1493 at Craigowl. The northern district, cut off
by Dean Water, presents a gently undulating surface,
and lies entirely within Strathmore, to which be-
longs also the northern portion of the central district.
The rest of Glamis, lying among the Sidlaws, com-
prises three parallel hill-ranges, that extend from
NNE to SSW, and enclose the two hill-vales of Glen
Ogilvie and Denoon. The northern district, as forming
part of Strathmore, is all an unbroken belt of Old Red
sandstone; in the southern or Sidlaw portion, the rocks
are mainly eruptive. Both trap and sandstone have
been largely quarried ; and some veins of lead ore, in the
eastern vicinity of Glamis village, were worked for a
short time in the latter part of the 18th century. Traces
of carbonate of copper occur in the trap rocks of the
hills; and porphyry, jasper, and Lydian stone have been
found. The soil in Strathmore is generally a deep,
sound, reddish loam, heavier and richer on the lower
slopes than in the bottom of the valley; on the Sidlaws,
is chiefly of a moorish character, covered with heath or
swampy. If Skene is right in maintaining that King