Blair Collection > Celtic studies

On Plwnologij in Irish. 149
tionnsgnadli (beginning), cosnadh (defence), dtkmadh (doing), in
opposition to tlie pkirals inilrtha, cogtlia, toirthe, teangtha, the
genitives daortha, adhartha, cunnartha from mur (a wall),
cogadh (war), toradh (fruit), teanga (a tongue), daoradh (con-
demning), adhradli (adoration), cunnradli (a covenant), in which
it makes no difference whether the sufl&x -at is originally word-
forming as in teinne, or determinative as in C2i.
Derivatives in -te (i. e. -tia or -iaja) after s, I, n, in wliich, how-
ever, d appears generally after / and always after n (evidently
pure d and not dh), see in Zeuss 763 seq.; whether, however,
nmtae (menstruus), conde (caninus), anmande (animalis), tal-
mande (terrestris), eiscsende („intensivus"), cenalpande, aniendae,
which are evidently derived from consonantal stems, have
actually lost a vowel before the suffix, remains doubtful ; the d is
to be read aspirated after r and other consonants as after vowels,
bithgatrddi (perpetvio breves), has been wrongly explained, like
cethargarait, it belongs to an i- stem, and is to be further carried
back to an nt- stem. To the examples for it, t from tt^ dH,
tilt, am-hrotte (momentaneum) , gutte gutae (vocalis) — from
which angutas 750 (vocalitatem suam) — , aicnete (naturalis),
scote scotae („violarium") from scotli (a flower), are e\ddently
to be added uathate (singularis) from uathath, from which ace.
pi. fern, huathati, dat. pi. uathatcdb, and slahratae (the gloss
catinensis being erroneous) from slahrad (catena), which Zeuss,
769, erroneously places under -ant, so also, most probably, du-
nattae (castrensis) from *dihiad, cf a righduinte (theii- royal
forts), Cormac's Glossary in O'Don. 233, arsate (antiquarius),
cf. arsid (a genitive as it appears) Zeuss, 581, plur. tdati (gen-
tiles) 1043, from tuath (populus), perhaps also tecnate (domes-
ticus) ; in the consonantel stems with the nom. -atu, -etu Ave may
assume *-ntat, but they could also have arisen from *-tvat (cf.
Skr. -tva n., Lith. -tiiva m., Slav, -stvo n., but especially Lat.
-tilt f in juventus, virtus, servitus, senectus), which is sufficient
reason for their retaining the tenuis -i"^ as in the pronouns of the
second person. Mod. Irish examples : saoghalta (worldly), gallda
(exotic), fi'reanta (righteous), grianda (sunny), handa (teminme),
also with assunilation daonna (human) = do hide; on the other
hand, niordha (majestic), feardha (mascvdine), urdlia (golden).
Derivation with various suffixes : ecinti'ch (infinitus), from cm-
niud (definitio) huaiigitir (rarescunt), from uiithad, holtigetar
(olent), from bolad, muntUli (institutor), from iniiniid; ingrentid
(persecutor), Imiidi (fartorcs), rrchotltith (maledicus), from trchol-
lud — esartaid (capsor) is remarkable, exactly like timmorte! —
"' Nehmarhtu, -tath are at all events correct forms, and unjustly doubted by
Zeuss, 763.